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Laser-Doppler-vibrometrische Messungen an humanen Felsenbeinen

Laser Doppler vibrometric measurements on human temporal bones

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Zusammenfassung

Laser-Doppler-vibrometrische (LDV-​)Messungen an humanen Felsenbeinen stellen das Standardverfahren zur Vorhersage der Leistungsfähigkeit von aktiven Mittelohrimplantaten (AMEI) dar und werden als präklinische Versuche in der Entwicklung, im Zulassungsprozess, in der Weiterentwicklung und Indikationserweiterung von AMEI eingesetzt. Die optimale Ankopplung des Schallwandlers an bewegliche Strukturen des Mittel- bzw. Innenohrs ist ausschlaggebend für die Leistung des Implantats bzw. die Hörverbesserung für den Patienten. Die Cochlea kann dabei über das ovale Fenster (Vorwärtsstimulation) oder das runde Fenster (Rückwärtsstimulation) angeregt werden. Für die Vorwärtsstimulation definiert die internationale Norm der American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM F2504-05) ein Verfahren, das die physiologisch normale Funktion der im Versuch verwendeten Felsenbeine sicherstellt. Für die Rückwärtsübertragung, bei der der Zustand der Felsenbeine noch kritischer ist, fehlt eine vergleichbare Standardmethode. Eine entsprechende Präparation und Aufbewahrung der humanen Felsenbeine sowie ein hinsichtlich Kalibrierung, Reproduzierbarkeit von Messpositionen und -winkeln geeigneter LDV-Versuchsaufbau liefern Ergebnisse, die zum einen den Vergleich verschiedener Ankopplungsarten ermöglichen und zum anderen sehr gut mit klinischen Daten korrelieren.

Abstract

Laser Doppler vibrometric (LDV) measurements on human temporal bones represent the standard method for predicting the performance of active middle ear implants (AMEI) and are used as preclinical tests in the development, approval process, and indication expansion of AMEI. The quality of the coupling of the floating mass transducer to the mobile structures of the middle ear is decisive for the performance of the implant and patients’ hearing perception. The cochlea can be stimulated via the oval window (forward stimulation) or the round window (reverse stimulation). For forward stimulation, the ASTM standard F2504-05 defines a method to ensure physiologically normal properties of the temporal bones used in the experiments. For reverse stimulation, which depends even more critically on the quality of the temporal bone, a comparable standard method is lacking. Appropriate preparation and storage of the human petrous bone as well as suitable LDV test setups with respect to calibration and reproducibility of measuring positions and angles provide results that allow a comparison of different types of coupling and also correlate well with clinical data.

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Abbreviations

AMEI:

Aktives Mittelohrimplantat

ASTM:

American Society for Testing and Materials

FMT:

Floating Mass Transducer

LDV:

Laser-Doppler-Vibrometer

SP-Coupler:

Short-Process-Coupler

VORP:

Vibrating Ossicular Replacement Prosthesis

VSB:

Vibrant SoundBridge

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie „Otto Körner“, Doberaner Straße 137–139, 18057, Rostock, Deutschland

    S. P. Schraven, D. Dohr, N. M. Weiss & R. Mlynski

  2. Sektion für Physiologische Akustik und Kommunikation, Universitäts-HNO-Klinik Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland

    E. Dalhoff

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  1. S. P. Schraven
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  2. D. Dohr
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  4. R. Mlynski
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Correspondence to S. P. Schraven.

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Interessenkonflikt

S.P. Schraven, D. Dohr, N.M. Weiss, R. Mlynski und E. Dalhoff geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Schraven, S.P., Dohr, D., Weiss, N.M. et al. Laser-Doppler-vibrometrische Messungen an humanen Felsenbeinen. HNO 69, 491–500 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-021-00995-5

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