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Assoziation zwischen Kontrolle der allergischen Rhinitis und Schlafqualität

The association between allergic rhinitis control and sleep quality

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die allergische Rhinitis (AR) gilt mit einem Anteil von über 50 % als die häufigste Manifestation der Erkrankungen aus dem atopischen Formenkreis. In letzter Zeit geriet dieses Krankheitsbild zunehmend in den Fokus intensiver Forschung. Die AR hat u. a. Auswirkungen auf das Schlafverhalten und kann die Schlafqualität beeinträchtigen. Bis zum heutigen Zeitpunkt existieren keine veröffentlichten Studien zur Fragestellung, inwieweit eine Assoziation zwischen dem Ausmaß der AR-Kontrolle und dem Schweregrad der beeinträchtigten Schlafqualität besteht.

Methoden

In unserer prospektiven Querschnittstudie wurde bei Patienten die Verbindung des Grads der AR-Kontrolle mit der Schlafqualität getestet. Eingeschlossen wurden Patienten mit diagnostizierter AR. Sie beurteilten die Schlafqualität anhand von 5 Fragen aus dem etablierten und standardisierten Fragebogen 22-item Sinonasal Outcome Test und die AR-Kontrolle mit dem Fragebogen Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT). Die gewonnenen Daten wurden mit einer linearen Regressionsanalyse untersucht und ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse

104 Patienten mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 41,4 Jahren (SD: 15,9 Jahre) wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Anteilig wurden 54,8 % weibliche und 45,2 % männliche Patienten in die Studie eingeschlossen. Es bestand eine statistisch signifikante Korrelation zwischen der Schlafqualität (als abhängige Variable) und den RCAT-Messungen (als unabhängige Variable; p < 0,001).

Schlussfolgerung

Dank der hohen Fallzahl konnte in der vorliegenden Studie erstmals mit statistischer Signifikanz gezeigt werden, dass die Kontrolle der AR mit der subjektiv wahrgenommenen Schlafqualität korreliert. Dies weist darauf hin, dass eine Verbesserung der AR-Kontrolle wahrscheinlich zur verbesserten subjektiven Schlafqualität führen würde. Es bedarf einer prospektiven interventionellen Studie, um die Ergebnisse zu bestätigen.

Abstract

Background

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most common form of atopic disease, comprising 50% of atopic diseases. Recently, this disease has increasingly been the focus of intensive research. Previous work has shown that AR has a significant impact on sleep quality. To date there are no published studies demonstrating a quantitative association between the extent of control of AR and the severity of compromised sleep quality.

Methods

Patients with AR were prospectively recruited into our cross-sectional study. Sleep quality was assessed using five of the sleep subdomain questions from the 22-item Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22). Control of AR was assessed using the Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT). Association was sought between the degree of allergic rhinitis control (RCAT) as independent variable and sleep quality as dependent variable using linear regression.

Results

A total of 104 patients (54.8% female and 45.2% male) with an average age of 41.4 years (SD: 15.9 years) were included in the study. There were statistically significant associations between the RCAT score and the score of each of the five SNOT-22 questions used to assess decreased sleep quality (p < 0.001). These associations remained significant (p < 0.001) even after controlling participants’ clinical and demographic characteristics.

Conclusion

This is the first study showing that level of control of AR correlates with the severity of subjectively perceived sleep quality detriment. These results indicate that an improvement in AR control could lead to improved subjective sleep quality but a prospective interventional study is needed to confirm these results.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Mund- Kiefer- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland

    R. A. Gaudin MD & M.-A. Birkelbach MD DMD

  2. Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles Street, 02114, Boston, MA, USA

    R. A. Gaudin MD, L. P. Hoehle BS BA, K. M. Phillips MD, S. T. Gray MD & A. R. Sedaghat MD PhD

  3. Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA

    L. P. Hoehle BS BA, K. M. Phillips MD, D. S. Caradonna MD DMD, S. T. Gray MD & A. R. Sedaghat MD PhD

  4. Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen-, und Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland

    A. G. Beule MD

  5. Division Otolaryngology, Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Center, Boston, USA

    D. S. Caradonna MD DMD & A. R. Sedaghat MD PhD

  6. Department of Otolaryngology and Communications Enhancement, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA

    A. R. Sedaghat MD PhD

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  1. R. A. Gaudin MD
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Correspondence to A. R. Sedaghat MD PhD.

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Interessenkonflikt

R.A. Gaudin, L.P. Hoehle, M.‑A. Birkelbach, K.M. Phillips, A.G. Beule, D.S. Caradonna, S.T. Gray und A.R. Sedaghat geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Alle beschriebenen Untersuchungen am Menschen wurden mit Zustimmung der zuständigen Ethik-Kommission, im Einklang mit nationalem Recht sowie gemäß der Deklaration von Helsinki von 1975 (in der aktuellen, überarbeiteten Fassung) durchgeführt. Von allen beteiligten Patienten liegt eine Einverständniserklärung vor.

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Gaudin, R.A., Hoehle, L.P., Birkelbach, MA. et al. Assoziation zwischen Kontrolle der allergischen Rhinitis und Schlafqualität. HNO 65, 987–992 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-017-0398-9

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