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Bringt die Ballondilatation den erhofften Durchbruch bei Tubenfunktionsstörungen – auch bei Kindern?

Does balloon dilatation represent a breakthrough for Eustachian tube disorders – even in children?

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Zusammenfassung

Die Ballondilatation der Tube stellt ein sicher viel versprechendes Therapieverfahren für Tubendysfunktionen dar, dessen Erfolge in zahlreichen Studien dokumentiert sind. Zu ersten Anwendungen auch bei Kindern wird derzeit publiziert. Allerdings betonen fast alle diesbezüglichen Veröffentlichungen, es handele sich um „erste Ergebnisse“ bzw. um Daten, deren wissenschaftlicher Aussagewert noch in größeren und aussagefähigeren Studien bestätigt werden müsste. In dieser kommentierenden Arbeit wird der gegenwärtige Stand der Literatur diskutiert und auf die Notwendigkeit kontrollierter Studien hingewiesen. Grundsätzlich müssen der Begriff „Tubenfunktionsstörung“ und seine Beurteilungskriterien präziser definiert werden, um eine Vergleichbarkeit der Studien zu erzielen. Zwar ist nach der Studienlage das Verfahren als sicher einzustufen, dennoch ist die Frage der Notwendigkeit präoperativer Bildgebung noch nicht abschließend geklärt. Der Autor stellt die Erfolge nicht in Abrede, möchte aber verhindert wissen, dass durch zu wenig präzise Indikationen der Ruf der Ballondilatation beschädigt wird.

Abstract

Balloon dilatation is a promising new treatment for Eustachian tube dysfunction which is becoming more and more popular in Germany. There are a number of single publications and even meta-analyses on this topic, which demonstrate good results but also reveal the need for better studies. Initially tube dilatation was applied only in adults with tube dysfunctions but recently some centers even recommend it for children with long-lasting or frequently recurring middle ear effusion, which is resistant to conventional therapy. This article provides a critical appraisal based on the current literature and emphasizes the need for controlled studies. Due to the poor definition of tube dysfunctions it may be difficult to establish informative studies but in terms of evidence-based medicine there is need for a precise definition of indications and inclusion criteria. Most important is that such studies must include control groups, which has so far not been the case. Moreover, there should be a consensus about the criteria for defining success. Although all publications claim that balloon tuboplasty is a safe method, the question whether or not preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans are needed should be considered in each individual case. Nevertheless, balloon dilatation is a very promising method offering a new approach to the problem of Eustachian tube dysfunction.

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Correspondence to H.W. Pau.

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P.K. Plinkert, Heidelberg

B. Wollenberg, Lübeck

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Pau, H. Bringt die Ballondilatation den erhofften Durchbruch bei Tubenfunktionsstörungen – auch bei Kindern?. HNO 63, 681–685 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-015-0047-0

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