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Translationsansätze in der Tumorstammzellforschung

Translational approaches in cancer stem cell research

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Zusammenfassung

In der letzten Zeit mehren sich die Hinweise auf die Existenz von Tumorstammzellen, die für die Entstehung des Tumors und eines frühen Rezidivs nach konventioneller Behandlung wie Operation, Bestrahlung oder Chemotherapie verantwortlich sind. Obwohl dieses Konzept der Bedeutung einer kleinen Zellpopulation mit Stammzelleigenschaften für die Tumorentstehung bereits von Virchow et al. vor Jahrzehnten diskutiert wurde, gelang die Identifikation solcher Zellen in humanen Malignomen erst 1997 bei der akuten myeloischen Leukämie. Jüngst gelang die Phänotypisierung von Tumorstammzellen und die Aufdeckung ihrer wesentlichen Signaltransduktionswege (z. B. Hedgehog, Notch), was in Zukunft neue therapeutische Optionen eröffnen und Teil eines Behandlungskonzepts werden könnte. In dieser Arbeit stellen wir das Konzept der Tumorstammzellen sowie bei Kopf-Hals-Plattenepithelkarzinomen und anderen Malignomen geeignete mögliche Marker dafür vor und diskutieren Studien zu ersten Therapieansätzen gegen Tumorstammzellen und deren Signaltransduktionswege.

Abstract

There has been a growing body of evidence in recent years to indicate that the presence of cancer stem cells may be responsible for tumour development and early recurrence after conventional therapy strategies such as surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy. Although this concept of a small subpopulation of cancer cells with stem cell properties is not new as such and was already discussed by Virchow decades ago, the identification of cells of this kind in human malignancies was first successful in 1997 in acute myeloid leukemia. The recent identification of cancer stem cells and the detection of their fundamental signalling pathways (e.g. Hedgehog, Notch) may offer new therapeutic options in the future and become part of a therapeutic concept. In this article, we introduce the cancer stem cell model, provide an overview of current cancer stem cell markers in different human malignancies as well as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and discuss studies on the first targeted therapies against cancer stem cells and their signalling pathways.

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Universität Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland

    C. Mozet, G. Wichmann & A. Dietz

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  1. C. Mozet
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  2. G. Wichmann
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  3. A. Dietz
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Correspondence to C. Mozet.

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Mozet, C., Wichmann, G. & Dietz, A. Translationsansätze in der Tumorstammzellforschung. HNO 59, 859–865 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-011-2363-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-011-2363-3

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