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Humane Papillomaviren bei Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen

Molekulare und translationale Grundlagen

HPV-associated head and neck cancer

The basics of molecular and translational research

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Zusammenfassung

Translationale Forschung beschreibt Schnittstellen zwischen präklinischer Forschung und einer zielgerichteten kurz- bis mittelfristigen Entwicklung hin zu klinischen Standards. Es existieren 2 verschiedene Gruppen von Oropharynxkarzinomen: die einen werden durch Risikofaktoren wie Rauchen und Alkohol, die anderen durch Infektion mit humanen Papillomaviren (HPV) verursacht. Bei Patienten mit HPV-assoziierten Tumoren ist die Prognose signifikant besser, in der Wahl der Behandlung spielt dies jedoch bisher kaum eine Rolle. Aktuell werden der reduzierte Einsatz von Radio-/Chemotherapie oder Operationen sowie der Einsatz einer zielgerichteten multimodalen Therapie untersucht. In diesem Artikel werden die natürliche HPV-Infektion und ihre karzinogene Bedeutung, Signalwege und neue, potenziell therapeutisch relevante molekulare Targets dargestellt. Die Identifikation einer distinkten Tumorentität des Oropharynx kann die Entwicklung neuer Strategien zur Prävention und Therapie HPV-assoziierter Tumoren in naher Zukunft voranbringen.

Abstract

Translational research refers to the interfaces between preclinical research and targeted short- and medium-term developments through to clinical standards. There are two distinct groups of oropharyngeal malignancies: those caused by tobacco and alcohol abuse and those caused by HPV infection. Although the prognosis of patients in the latter group is significantly better, this is not taken into consideration in the choice of treatment. However, less intensive use of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or surgery, as well as targeted multimodal therapeutic approaches, is under research. This article summarizes the main events in the HPV life cycle, with emphasis on carcinogenic mechanisms and potential new molecular targets. Identifying distinct tumor entities of the oropharynx enables the design and development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies to reduce the incidence and mortality of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers in the near future.

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  1. Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie und plastische Operationen, Universitätsklinikum Gießen & Marburg, Standort Gießen, Klinikstr. 29, 35392, Gießen, Deutschland

    C. Wittekindt, S. Wagner & J.P. Klußmann

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  1. C. Wittekindt
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  2. S. Wagner
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Correspondence to C. Wittekindt.

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Wittekindt, C., Wagner, S. & Klußmann, J. Humane Papillomaviren bei Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen. HNO 59, 885–892 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-011-2357-1

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