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Computer- und Magnetresonanztomographie des N. facialis

CT and MR imaging of the facial nerve

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Zusammenfassung

Die modernen bildgebenden Verfahren zur Darstellung des N. facialis sind die Mehrzeilen-Spiral-Computertomographie (CT) und die Hochfeld-Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT). Die CT ist die Methode der Wahl zur Darstellung der knöchernen Strukturen des Felsenbeins. Die MRT ermöglicht durch einen exzellenten Weichteilkontrast die Darstellung des N. facialis selbst. Beide Techniken ermöglichen bei hoher räumlicher Auflösung die exakte Evaluation der anatomischen Strukturen in allen 3 Raumebenen durch Anfertigung von multiplanaren Rekonstruktionen. Dieser Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über die relevanten anatomischen Strukturen, deren Kenntnis für eine präzise radiologische Diagnostik und zum Verständnis von Pathologien Grundvoraussetzung ist. Des Weiteren werden grundlegende Techniken und Strategien für den Einsatz der CT und MRT zur Darstellung des N. facialis i. Allg. erläutert. Spezielle Anforderungen an die radiologische Diagnostik bei Fehlbildungen, Neoplasien, Traumata, vaskulären sowie entzündlichen Erkrankungen bilden den abschließenden Teil dieses Übersichtsartikels.

Abstract

Modern imaging techniques used for depicting the facial nerve include multi-slice spiral computed tomography (CT) and high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CT is the gold standard for imaging the osseous structures of the temporal bone. As a result of its excellent soft tissue contrast, MRI enables identification of the facial nerve itself. Due to high spatial resolution and the possibility to generate multiplanar reconstructions, both CT and MRI facilitate an exact evaluation of anatomical structures in all three spatial planes. The present article provides an overview of relevant anatomical structures, a thorough knowledge of which is the basic prerequisite to understanding pathologies and interpreting radiological findings correctly. Furthermore, basic techniques and strategies for imaging the facial nerve using CT and MRI are explained in general. The articles concludes with specific requirements for the radiological diagnosis of dysplasia, neoplasms and trauma, as well as vascular and inflammatory diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740, Jena, Deutschland

    H.P. Burmeister, P.A.T. Baltzer & W.A. Kaiser

  2. Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Deutschland

    C.M. Klingner

  3. Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Deutschland

    M. Pantel

Authors
  1. H.P. Burmeister
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  2. P.A.T. Baltzer
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  3. C.M. Klingner
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  4. M. Pantel
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  5. W.A. Kaiser
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Correspondence to H.P. Burmeister.

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Burmeister, H., Baltzer, P., Klingner, C. et al. Computer- und Magnetresonanztomographie des N. facialis. HNO 58, 433–442 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-010-2101-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-010-2101-2

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