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Mundtrockenheit und Mundschleimhautbrennen

Ursachen und Therapiemöglichkeiten

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Zusammenfassung

Die beiden Beschwerdekomplexe Mundtrockenheit und Mundschleimhautbrennen können durch verschiedenste Ursachen bedingt sein. So können für das "burning mouth syndrom" sowohl lokale oder regionale als auch systemische Ursachen verantwortlich sein. Erkrankungen der Mundschleimhaut können genetisch, entzündlich oder neoplastisch bedingt sein, auch Autoimmunerkrankungen und Allergien können ebenso wie verschiedene internistische Erkrankungen mit einem Brennen der Mundschleimhaut einhergehen. Ebenso müssen neurologische und psychiatrische Erkrankungen in der interdisziplinären Diagnostik abgeklärt werden, um idiopathische Formen zu erkennen. Ähnlich komplex sind die Ursachen der Mundtrockenheit. Neben einer mangelnden Flüssigkeitsaufnahme sind gerade bei älteren Patienten häufig auch Arzneimittelnebenwirkungen oder systemische Erkrankungen verantwortlich. Die Therapie richtet sich nach der zugrundeliegenden Erkrankung, bei unklaren Fällen kann eine symptomatische Therapie die Beschwerden lindern.

Abstract

Both sets of complaints, mouth dryness and a burning sensation of the oral mucosa, can have a variety of causes. Local and regional as well as systemic causes can be responsible for burning mouth syndrome. Diseases of the oral mucosa can have genetic, inflammatory, or neoplastic origins. Autoimmune diseases and allergies as well as different afflictions relating to internal medicine can be accompanied by a burning sensation in the oral mucosa. Neurological and psychiatric illnesses must be clarified during interdisciplinary diagnostics in order to identify idiopathic forms. The causes of mouth dryness are similarly complex. In addition to inadequate fluid intake, particularly in elderly patients, drug side effects or systemic diseases are frequently also responsible. Treatment is directed at the underlying disease; in ambiguous cases, symptomatic therapy can provide relief for medical complaints.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm

    H. Maier & M. Tisch

  2. Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081, Ulm

    H. Maier

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Maier, H., Tisch, M. Mundtrockenheit und Mundschleimhautbrennen. HNO 51, 739–747 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-003-0918-7

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