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Psoriasis und Mikrobiom

Psoriasis and the microbiome

  • Leitthema
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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Psoriasis ist eine häufige systemische und chronische Entzündungskrankheit. Das Mikrobiom spielt bei ihrer Entstehung und Verlauf eine zunehmend wichtige Rolle.

Ziel der Arbeit

Dargestellt werden sollten die Rolle des Mikrobioms bei Psoriasis, gängige Nachweismethoden und potenzielle Anwendungsmöglichkeiten.

Material und Methoden

Es erfolgten eine Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken von Medline und PubMed sowie eine allgemeine Internetrecherche und die Auseinandersetzung mit Buchquellen.

Ergebnisse

Sowohl das Haut- als auch das Darmmikrobiom können die Entstehung und den Verlauf der Psoriasis modulieren. Eine Verbindung zwischen dem Mikrobiom und immunologischen Mechanismen stellen antimikrobielle Peptide dar, die das Mikrobiom an Grenzflächen regulieren und als Antigen die Psoriasis triggern können. Um das Mikrobiom eines Patienten zu analysieren, stehen inzwischen effiziente Verfahren zur Verfügung, etwa das „16S rRNA next-generation sequencing“.

Diskussion

Die Analyse des Mikrobioms bei Psoriasispatienten vor- und unter/nach einer Therapie stellt die Grundlage zur Identifikation potenzieller Biomarker dar, die zur Weiterentwicklung einer personalisierten Medizin verwendet werden können.

Abstract

Background

Psoriasis is a frequent chronic inflammatory systemic disease. It is associated with changes in the microbiome, which may trigger psoriasis and influence the course of the disease.

Objective

Current methods for detection and the potential role of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of psoriasis are described.

Material and methods

A literature search was conducted using the databases Medline and PubMed as well as a general internet and book research.

Results

Both skin and gut microbiota are involved in the immunopathogenesis and may substantially modulate psoriasis. Antimicrobial peptides may serve as a link between the microbiome and the immunological mechanisms in psoriasis by regulating the microbiome at interfaces and can trigger psoriasis as antigens. Recent innovative methods, such as 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing significantly facilitate microbiome analysis.

Conclusion

The analysis of the microbiome in patients with psoriasis before, during and after treatment provides a basis for the identification of potential biomarkers for predicting individual treatment responses and facilitating the decision for a certain treatment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Dermatologie, UKSH Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Deutschland

    M. Witte & D. Thaçi

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  1. M. Witte
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Correspondence to M. Witte.

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Interessenkonflikt

D. Thaçi: Prüfarzt/klinische Studien: Abbvie, Almiral, Amgen, Biogen-Idec, Bioskin, Boehringer-Ingelheim, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Dermira, Dignity, Elli-Lilly, Forward-Pharma, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Leo-Pharma, Janssen-Cilag, Maruho, Medac, MSD, Mitsubishi Pharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi, Sandoz-Hexal, UCB. Wissenschaftliche Vorträge unterstützt von: AbbVie, Almiral, BMS, Celgene, Janssen, Leo-Pharma, Lilly, La Roche-Possay, Novartis, MSD, Medac, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sanofi, Sandoz-Hexal, UCB. Mitglied des wissenschaftlichen Boards: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Dignity, Eli-Lilly, Galapagos, Leo-Pharma, Janssen-Cilag, Morphosis, Novartis, Pfizer, MSD, Sandoz, Sanofi, UCB. M. Witte gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Witte, M., Thaçi, D. Psoriasis und Mikrobiom. Hautarzt 70, 416–421 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-019-4415-7

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