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Kondylome bei HIV-Infizierten

Genital warts in HIV-infected individuals

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Zusammenfassung

Kondylome sind bei HIV-infizierten Patienten wesentlich häufiger als bei HIV-negativen Personen. Kondylome HIV-Positiver unterscheiden sich von denen HIV-Negativer in der Ausdehnung, im Auftreten an ungewöhnlicheren Lokalisationen, im HPV (humane Papillomviren)-Typenspektrum, in der Rezidivneigung sowie im Entartungsrisiko. Etwa 18–56 % der Kondylome HIV-positiver Patienten enthalten hochgradige Dysplasien. Aus diesem Grund sollten Kondylome bei HIV-Infizierten vorzugsweise ablativ entfernt und histopathologisch evaluiert werden. Durch die geschlechtsneutrale prophylaktische HPV-Impfung von HPV-naiven Jungen und Mädchen könnte zukünftig eine deutliche Reduktion von Kondylomen auch in dieser Patientengruppe erreicht werden.

Abstract

Anogenital warts (condylomata acuminata) are much more frequent in human immunodeficiency (HIV)-positive patients compared to HIV-negative individuals. Anogenital warts of HIV-infected patients differ from those of HIV-negative individuals with respect to their spread, occurrence on more unusual anatomical sites, human papillomavirus (HPV)-type spectrum, tendency to recur, and risk of malignant transformation. Between 18 and 56% of anogenital warts of HIV-positive patients harbor high-grade dysplasia. Therefore, anogenital warts of HIV-infected patients should be preferentially treated with ablative methods and should be evaluated histopathologically. Gender-neutral prophylactic HPV vaccination of HPV-naive boys and girls could also lead to a significant reduction of anogenital warts in this patient group in the future.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Virologie, Nationales Referenzzentrum für Papillom- und Polyomaviren, Universität zu Köln, 50935, Köln, Deutschland

    U. Wieland

  2. Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, HELIOS St. Elisabeth Klinik Oberhausen, Universität Witten-Herdecke, 46045, Oberhausen, Deutschland

    A. Kreuter

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  1. U. Wieland
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Correspondence to U. Wieland.

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Interessenkonflikt

U. Wieland gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. A. Kreuter hat Referentenhonorare von Sanofi Pasteur MSD erhalten und war im Advisory Board von Sanofi Pasteur MSD tätig.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Wieland, U., Kreuter, A. Kondylome bei HIV-Infizierten. Hautarzt 68, 192–198 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-017-3938-z

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