Zusammenfassung
Hypogonadismus bezeichnet eine endokrine Funktionsstörung der Hoden und führt zu einem Testosteronmangel. Er ist insbesondere bei älteren und adipösen Männern häufig. Symptome mit dem höchsten prädiktiven Wert sind Reduktion sexueller Gedanken, Abnahme der Spontanerektionen und erektile Dysfunktion. Für die Therapie stehen nach Ausschluss von Kontraindikationen (inklusive Kinderwunsch) verschiedene Applikationsformen von Testosteron zur Verfügung. Im Gegensatz zu den weitverbreiteten Annahmen zu Risiken gilt die Behandlung unter entsprechenden Kontrollmaßnahmen als weitgehend sicher.
Abstract
Hypogonadism refers to reduced endocrine function of the testicles and leads to testosterone deficiency. It is often observed in older and obese men. Symptoms with the hightest predictive value are reduced sexual thoughts,decreased spontaneous erections, and erectile dysfunction. After excluding contraindications (e.g., desire for children), various forms of replacement therapy are available. Studies have shown that testosterone therapy is safe if regularly checked.
Literatur
Corona G et al (2013) Diagnosis and treatment of late-onset hypogonadism: systematic review and meta-analysis of TRT outcomes. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 27(4):557–579
Dean JD et al (2015) The International Society for Sexual Medicine’s Process of Care for the Assessment and Management of Testosterone Deficiency in Adult Men. J Sex Med 12(8):1660–1686 doi:10.1111/jsm.12952
Zitzmann M (2009) The role of the CAG repeat androgen receptor polymorphism in andrology. Front Horm Res 37:52–61
Kaufman JM, Vermeulen A (2005) The decline of androgen levels in elderly men and its clinical and therapeutic implications. Endocr Rev 26:833–876
Rajender S, Singh L, Thangaraj K (2007) Phenotypic heterogeneity of mutations in androgen receptor gene. Asian J Androl 9:147–179
Nieschlag E et al (2009) Andrologie, 3. Aufl. Springer (Verlag), Berlin. (978-3-540-92962-8)
Krause W et al (2011) Andrologie, vierte Auflage. Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart. (978-3-13-153224-4)
Welty FK (2015) Targeting inflammation in metabolic syndrome. Transl Res Jul 3. pii: S1931-5244(15)00222-4
Saad F, Aversa A, Isidori AM et al (2012) Testosterone as potential effective therapy in treatment of obesity in men with testosterone deficiency: a review. Curr Diabetes Rev 8:131–143
Corona G, Rastrelli G, Vignozzi L et al (2011) Testosterone, cardiovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 5:337–353
Schuppe HC, Jung A, Ochsendorf FR, Köhn FM (2014) Psoriasis und Partnerschaft Andrologische Aspekte im Auge haben. Hautnah Dermatol 30(2):105–111
Costanzo PR, Suárez SM et al (2014) Evaluation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in eugonadal men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Andrology 2:117–124
Wu FC, Tajar A, Pye SR et al (2008) Hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis disruptions in older men are differentially linked to age and modifiable risk factors: the European Male Aging Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93:2737–2745
Dohle GR et al (2013) Leitlinie Männlicher Hypogonadismus J. Reproduktionsmed. Endokrinol 10(5–6):279–292
Basaria S (2014) Male hypogonadism. Lancet 383(9924):1250–1263
Kalyani RR, Dobs AS (2007) Androgen deficiency, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome in men. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diab Obes 14:226–234
Boehncke S, Salgo R, Garbaraviciene J, Beschmann H, Ackermann H, Boehncke WH, Ochsendorf FR (2011) Changes in the sex hormone profile of male patients with moderate-to-severe plaque-type psoriasis under systemic therapy: results of a prospective longitudinal pilot study. Arch Dermatol Res 303(6):417–424
Wu FC et al (2010) Identification of late-onset hypogonadism in middle-aged and elderly men. N Engl J Med 363:123–135
Zitzmann M et al (2006) Association of specific symptoms and metabolic risks with serum testosterone in older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol 91:4335–4343
Vermeulen A (2005) Hormonal cut-offs of partial androgen deficiency: a survey of androgen assays. J Endocrinol Invest 28(3 Suppl):28–31
Rosner W et al (2007) Utility, limitations, and pitfalls in measuring testosterone: an endocrine society position statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:405–413
Milenković L, D’Angelo G, Kelly PA, Weiner RI (1994) Inhibition of gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone release by prolactin from GT1 neuronal cell lines through prolactin receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:1244–1247
Carter JN, Tyson JE, Tolis G, Van Vliet S, Faiman C, Friesen HG (1978) Prolactin-screening tumors and hypogonadism in 22 men. N Engl J Med 299:847–852
Basaria S, Coviello AD et al (2010) Adverse events associated with testosterone administration. N Engl J Med 363:109–122
Srinivas-Shankar U, Roberts SA et al (2010) Effects of testosterone on muscle strength, physical function, body composition, and quality of life in intermediate-frail and frail elderly men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95:639
Saad F, Haider A, Doros G, Traish A (2013) Long-term treatment of hypogonadal men with testosterone produces substantial and sustained weight loss. Obes (Silver Spring) 21:1975–1981
Muraleedharan V, Marsh H, Kapoor D, Channer KS, Jones TH (2013) Testosterone deficiency is associated with increased risk of mortality and testosterone replacement improves survival in men with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Endocrinol 169:725–733
Camacho EM, Huhtaniemi IT, O’Neill TW et al (2013) Age associated changes in hypothalamic pituitary testicular function in middle aged and older men are modified by weight change and lifestyle factors: longitudinal results from the European Male Ageing Study. Eur J Endocrinol 168:445–455
Corona G et al (2015) Obesity and late-onset hypogonadism. Mol Cell Endocrinol Jul 2. pii: S0303-7207(15)00338-X
Vignozzi L, Filippi S et al (2014b) Metformin in vitro and in vivo increases adenosine signaling in rabbit corpora cavernosa. J Sex Med 11:1694–1708
Schreiber G et al (2008) The aging male-diagnosis and therapy of late-onset hypogonadism. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 6(4):273–279
Medras M, Filus A, Jozkow P et al (2006) Breast cancer and long term hormonal treatment of male hypogonadism. Breast Cancer Res Treat 96:263–265
Seftel AD et al (2015) Critical update of the 2010 endocrine society clinical practice guidelines for male hypogonadism: a systematic analysis. Mayo Clin Proc 90(8):1104–1115
Klap J et al (2015) The relationship between total testosterone levels and prostate cancer: a review of the continuing controversy. J Urol 93(2):403–413
Morgentaler A, Morales A (2010) Should hypogonadal men with prostate cancer receive testosterone? J Urol 184:1257–1260
Kaufman JM, Graydon RJ (2004) Androgen replacement after curative radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer in hypogonadal men. J Urol 172:920–922
Corona G, Maseroli E et al (2014) Cardiovascular risk associated with testosterone-boosting medications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Opin Drug Saf 13:1327–1351
Jones SD Jr (2015) Thomas Dukovac Erythrocytosis Secondary to TRT. Sex Med Rev 3:101–112
Hanafy HM (2007) Testosterone therapy and obstructive sleep apnea: is there a real connection? J Sex Med 4:1241–1246
Hoyos CM, Yee BJ et al (2012) Body compositional and cardiometabolic effects of testosterone therapy in obese men with severe obstructive sleep apnoea: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Endocrinol 167(4):531–541
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Interessenkonflikt
D. Varwig-Janßen und F. Ochsendorf geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Varwig-Janßen, D., Ochsendorf, F. Der „dicke“ und der „alte“ Patient in der dermatologischen Praxis. Hautarzt 66, 898–906 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-015-3716-8
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-015-3716-8