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Sublinguale Immuntherapie

Stand 2011

Sublingual immunotherapy

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Zusammenfassung

Allergische Erkrankungen stellen heute ein globales Problem dar. In Deutschland leiden schätzungsweise zwischen 20 und 30% aller Bundesbürger an einer allergischen Erkrankung, von denen über 40% im Alter zwischen 20 und 40 Jahren sind. Häufig beeinflussen die Krankheitssymptome das soziale Leben der Betroffenen. Beispielsweise können sie zu nächtlichen Schlafstörungen und Leistungsabfall in Beruf und Schule führen. Unbehandelte Allergien verursachen, ökonomisch betrachtet, erhebliche, aber vermeidbare Kosten für die Volkswirtschaft. Seit 100 Jahren wird die spezifische Immuntherapie (SIT) zur Behandlung IgE-vermittelter Allergien eingesetzt. Zahlreiche kontrollierte klinische Studien konnten ihre Wirksamkeit, Sicherheit und Verträglichkeit nachweisen, sodass sie heute als etablierte kausale Therapie für die allergische Rhinitis bzw. Rhinokonjunktivitis und das allergische Asthma gilt und sich auch gesundheitsökonomisch rechnet. Neben der klassischen subkutanen Applikationsform (SCIT) wird in den letzten Jahren aufgrund positiver Ergebnisse zur Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit aus großen kontrollierten Studien mit Gräserpollenallergen auch die sublinguale Gabe (SLIT) bei Erwachsenen und Kindern eingesetzt.

Abstract

Allergic diseases represent a global health problem. They affect 20% to 30% of the German population, but more than 40% of the group between 20 and 40 years of age. The symptoms have a considerable influence on social life and cause an impairment of sleep and performance at work/school, leading to a high but avoidable economic impact. For over 100 years specific immunotherapy (SIT) has been used to treat IgE-mediated allergic diseases. Numerous well-controlled studies have provided evidence of its efficacy, safety and tolerability. Today SIT represents a well-established treatment of allergic rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis and allergic asthma with a positive health economic impact. Initially, SIT was administered subcutaneously (SCIT), but other routes of application have been developed. In particular the sublingual-swallow method (SLIT) has been proven to be effective and well-tolerated in large studies on grass pollen allergies and represents an additional effective route of administration in adults and children.

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Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor weist auf folgende Beziehungen hin: Honorare für Vortrags- und Beratungstätigkeit von verschiedenen Allergenextraktherstellern (Allergopharma, ALK, Leti, Bencard, HAL, Stallergene) erhalten.

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  1. Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland

    H. Lee, T. Zuberbier &  M. Worm

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  1. H. Lee
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  2. T. Zuberbier
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  3. M. Worm
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Correspondence to M. Worm.

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Lee, H., Zuberbier, T. & Worm, M. Sublinguale Immuntherapie. Hautarzt 62, 467–476 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-011-2173-2

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