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Spezifische Immuntherapie und atopische Dermatitis

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Specific immunotherapy and atopic dermatitis

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Zusammenfassung

Obwohl die allergenspezifische Immuntherapie, deren 100-jähriges Jubiläum wir dieses Jahr feiern, die derzeit einzige kausale Therapie im Bereich Allergologie darstellt, ist man bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit atopischer Dermatitis (AD), einer der häufigsten chronisch entzündlichen Hauterkrankungen bei Kindern und Erwachsenen, eher zurückhaltend. Dies liegt v. a. daran, dass die Anzahl kontrollierter Studien zur allergenspezifischen Immuntherapie (SIT) bei AD sehr gering ist und die Literatur vornehmlich von sehr heterogen gestalteten, zumeist nicht kontrollierten Studien oder Einzelfallbeschreibungen dominiert wird. Dennoch existiert eine Subgruppe von Patienten mit AD, bei denen Allergene einen nachweislichen Triggerfaktor der ekzematösen Hautläsionen darstellen und die daher möglicherweise von einer allergenspezifischen Immuntherapie profitieren könnten. In diesem Beitrag möchten wir einen Überblick über die aktuelle Datenlage zur allergenspezifischen Immuntherapie bei der AD geben.

Abstract

Although allergen-specific immunotherapy, which celebrates its 100-year anniversary this year, represents the only potentially corrective or curative therapy available in the field of allergy, this therapeutic option is rarely employed in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases. The reason is the relatively low number of controlled studies and a high number of uncontrolled studies or case reports with quite heterogenous study designs focusing on the value of SIT in AD in the literature. However, since allergens clearly impact on the initiation and impairment of AD as well as flare-up of eczematous skin lesions in a subgroup of patients, selected patients might benefit from SIT as an additional therapeutic option. In this overview, we summarize the current data and provide a state-of-the-art view on the value of SIT in AD.

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Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor weist auf folgende Beziehungen hin: Wissenschaftliche Projekte: Alk Abello, Leti Pharma; Vortragshonorare: Alk Abello, Bencard Allergy Therapeutics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Universität Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105, Bonn, Deutschland

    N. Novak

  2. Abteilung Immunodermatologie und experimentelle Allergologie, Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland

    T. Werfel

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  1. N. Novak
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Correspondence to N. Novak.

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Novak, N., Werfel, T. Spezifische Immuntherapie und atopische Dermatitis. Hautarzt 62, 650–656 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-011-2158-1

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