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Rolle der extrazellulären Matrix bei der extrinsischen Hautalterung

Role of the extracellular matrix in extrinsic skin aging

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Zusammenfassung

Klinisch manifestiert sich aktinisch gealterte Haut durch das Auftreten von Falten, Gewebeschlaffheit und durch ein ledriges Erscheinungsbild. Kausal verknüpft mit diesen Symptomen der Photoalterung sind histologische und ultrastrukturelle Veränderungen der extrazellulären Matrix in der Dermis. Sie beinhalten einen erhöhten enzymatischen Ab- und Umbau von Kollagen, der zur Minderung der strukturellen Integrität der Dermis führt, wodurch die Haut faltiger wirkt. Darüber hinaus resultieren UV-induzierte Veränderungen der Hyaluronsäure- und Proteoglykanmatrix in einem reduzierten Feuchtigkeitsgehalt und einer Abnahme des Tugors. Neben den Organeigenschaften der Haut wird zudem durch den alterungsassoziierten Umbau der dermalen extrazellulären Matrix der Phänotyp der dermalen Zellen auf zellbiologischer Basis verändert, wie z. B. die Regenerationsfähigkeit der Fibroblasten. In den letzten Jahren wurden erhebliche Fortschritte im Verständnis darin erzielt, welche molekularen und zellulären Mechanismen die UV-induzierten Veränderungen der extrazellulären Matrix beeinflussen. Aktuelle Erkenntnisse in diesem Bereich vermitteln interessante Einblicke in die Regulation der aktinischen Alterung und bieten möglicherweise neue therapeutische Ansätze.

Abstract

Photoaged skin is clinically characterized by wrinkling, laxity and a leather-like appearance. These symptoms of actinic aging are causally connected to histological and ultrastructural changes of the connective tissue of the dermis. Changes include both enzymatic degradation and reduced de novo synthesis of collagen which cause premature wrinkling of the skin. Changes in the hyaluronan and proteoglycan matrix lead to reduced water content and thereby increased laxity of the skin. Furthermore, the UV-induced remodeling of the extracellular matrix strongly affects the cellular phenotypes such as the regenerative capacity of dermal fibroblasts. In recent years considerable progress has been made towards the understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the UV-induced changes of the extracellular matrix. Current findings in this field reveal interesting insights in the dermal aging and provide new targets and strategies for the treatment of photoaging.

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Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor weist auf folgende Beziehungen hin: Erhalt von Forschungsgeldern zur Erforschung der Wirkung von Hyaluronsäure auf dermale Fibroblasten von den Firmen Merz und Evonik-Goldschmidt.

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  1. Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland

    K. Röck & J.W. Fischer

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Correspondence to J.W. Fischer.

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Röck, K., Fischer, J. Rolle der extrazellulären Matrix bei der extrinsischen Hautalterung. Hautarzt 62, 591–597 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-011-2133-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-011-2133-x

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