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Einfluss von Melatonin auf die Physiologie des Haares

The influence of melatonin on hair physiology

Der Hautarzt volume 60, pages 962–972 (2009)Cite this article

Zusammenfassung

Melatonin, das Hormon der Zirbeldrüse (Glandula pinealis) und ein starkes Antioxidans, ist seit Langem v. a. in der tierexperimentellen Forschung und wollproduzierenden Industrie als eine potente regulatorische neuroendokrine Substanz in Bezug auf Haarwachstum, Haarfarbe und Haarzyklus in Abhängigkeit von Lichtperioden, saisonalen Rhythmen, von Umwelteinflussfaktoren und Reproduktionsrhythmen bekannt. Dennoch sind die biologischen Mechanismen dieses äußerst vielseitigen Hormons v. a. in Bezug auf den humanen Haarfollikel nicht vollständig geklärt. In den letzten Jahren konnten jedoch wesentliche Erkenntnisse zum melatoninergen System der Haut, zu Melatoninspiegeln in Keratinozyten und Haarfollikeln, zur extrapinealen intrafollikulären Melatoninsynthese und Noradrenalin-stimulierten Synthesesteigerung sowie zur haarzyklusabhängigen Expression des membranständigen Melatoninrezeptors MT2 und des nukleären Rezeptors RORα gewonnen werden. Auch funktionelle Daten zum Wachstum des humanen Haares in vitro und in vivo zeigen, dass Melatonin eine Rolle in der Physiologie des Haares zu spielen scheint.

Abstract

Melatonin, the pineal gland hormone and a strong antioxidant, has long been known, particularly in animal-experiment based research and the wool-producing industry, to be a potent regulatory neuroendocrine substance in relation to hair growth, hair color and hair cycle, depending on light periods, seasonal rhythms, environmental factors and reproductive rhythms. Nevertheless, the biological mechanisms of this extremely versatile hormone, especially with regard to human hair follicles, are not fully understood. In recent years, however, essential knowledge has been gained on the melatoninergic system of the skin, melatonin levels in keratinocytes and hair follicles, extrapineal intrafollicular melatonin synthesis and noradrenalin-induced increase in synthesis, as well as hair cycle-dependent expression of the membrane-bound melatonin receptor MT2 and the nuclear receptor RORα. Functional data on the growth of human hair both in vitro and in vivo show that melatonin might play an essential role in hair physiology.

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Danksagung

Der Autor bedankt sich bei folgenden Institutionen für die Unterstützung bei der Durchführung der originären Forschungsprojekte, deren Ergebnisse auszugsweise in dem vorliegenden Übersichtsartikel Einzug gefunden haben: Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina (Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften seit 14.07.2008), Halle, und Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) BMBF-LPD 9901/8-113 sowie University of Tennessee Cancer Center Pilot Grant, University of Tennessee, Memphis, USA.

Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor weist auf folgende Beziehungen hin: Die klinische Pilotstudie wurde durch ASAT Applied Science and Technology, Zug, Switzerland, finanziell unterstützt. Der Autor ist für folgende Firmen als wissenschaftlicher Berater zum Thema Melatonin und Haarwachstum auf Honorarbasis tätig: ASATONA GmbH, Zug Schweiz; Hans Karrer GmbH, Augsburg.

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  1. Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Universität zu Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Deutschland

    T.W. Fischer

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Fischer, T. Einfluss von Melatonin auf die Physiologie des Haares. Hautarzt 60, 962–972 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-009-1817-y

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Schlüsselwörter

  • Melatonin
  • Haarfollikel
  • Antioxidans
  • Rezeptoren
  • Pigmentierung

Keywords

  • Melatonin
  • Hair follicle
  • Antioxidant
  • Receptors
  • Pigmentation