Zusammenfassung
Die so genannten "Biologicals" sind eine Gruppe neuer Medikamente, die durch biotechnologische Herstellungsverfahren gewonnen werden. Dies sind zumeist monoklonale Antikörper, Fusionsproteine und rekombinante Proteine. Die Entwicklung der Biologicals beruht auf Erkenntnissen zur Pathogenese, beispielsweise der Psoriasis, und versucht, durch gezielte Veränderungen wichtiger Zell- oder Mediatorsysteme die Krankheit direkt zu beeinflussen. Neben der Inaktivierung löslicher Mediatoren wie dem Tumor-Nekrose-Faktor α und der Blockade von Rezeptoren für Zytokine wie Interleukin-2 spielt die Unterbrechung der T-Zell-Aktivierung durch antigenpräsentierende Zellen eine zunehmende Rolle. Durch die Gabe rekombinanter Zytokine wie Interleukin-10 oder Interleukin-4 kann eine Veränderung der immunologischen Balance erreicht werden. Auch die Blockade von Adhäsionsmolekülen zur Verminderung des Ausstroms von Entzündungszellen aus den Blutgefäßen wird als neuer Therapieansatz erprobt. Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den gegenwärtigen Stand der Therapie der Psoriasis mit Biologicals.
Abstract
"Biologicals" represent a new group of compounds which are produced by using methods of biotechnology. They mainly include monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins and recombinant proteins. The development of biologicals is based on the knowledge derived from pathogenetic studies in psoriasis which have focussed on targeting cell- or mediator-systems relevant for the disease. In this regard, the inactivation of soluble mediators such as tumor-necrosis-factor α, the blockade of receptors for cytokines such as interleukin 2, and the interference with T cell activation by antigen presenting cells are all of increasing importance. Recombinant cytokines such as interleukins 4 or 10 are able to modulate the immunological balance. Blockade of adhesion molecules to prevent extravasation of inflammatory cells is a new strategy under development. This article reviews about the current knowledge of psoriasis therapy with biologicals.
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Mrowietz, U. Therapie der Psoriasis mit Biologicals. Hautarzt 54, 224–229 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-003-0497-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-003-0497-2