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Robotik und computergestützte Verfahren in der kranialen Neurochirurgie

Robotics and computer-assisted procedures in cranial neurosurgery

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die medizintechnischen Innovationen der letzten Jahrzehnte haben Operationen in hochsensiblen Gehirnarealen sicherer gemacht.

Fragestellung

Darstellung, inwiefern Computerunterstützung und Robotik Einzug in die klinische Neurochirurgie gehalten haben.

Material und Methode

Auswertung der wissenschaftlichen Literatur sowie Analyse des Zertifizierungsstands der entsprechenden medizintechnischen Produkte.

Ergebnisse

Die rasante Entwicklung der Computertechnologie und die Umstellung auf digitale Bildverarbeitung haben zur flächendeckenden Einführung neurochirurgischer Planungssoftware und intraoperativer Neuronavigation geführt. Bei robotischen Verfahren beschränkt sich die Durchdringung aktuell noch weitgehend auf die automatische Einstellung von Trajektorien.

Schlussfolgerungen

Die Digitalisierung der Bildgebung hat die Neurochirurgie grundlegend transformiert. Im Bereich der kranialen Neurochirurgie sind mittlerweile computergestützte nur noch in wenigen Fällen von nichtcomputergestützten Verfahren zu unterscheiden. Im Bereich der Robotik ist in den kommenden Jahren mit bedeutenden Innovationen für die klinische Implementierung zu rechnen.

Abstract

Background

The medical technical innovations over the last decade have made operations in the highly sensitive regions of the brain much safer.

Objective

Presentation of how far computer assistance and robotics have become incorporated into clinical neurosurgery.

Material and method

Evaluation of the scientific literature and analysis of the certification status of the corresponding medical devices.

Results

The rapid development of computer technology and the switch to digital imaging has led to the widespread introduction of neurosurgical planning software and intraoperative neuronavigation. In the field of robotics, the penetration into clinical neurosurgery is currently still largely limited to the automatic setting of trajectories.

Conclusion

The digitalization of imaging has fundamentally transformed neurosurgery. In the field of cranial neurosurgery, computer-assisted procedures can now be distinguished from noncomputer-assisted procedures only in a handful of cases. In the coming years important innovations for the clinical implementation can be expected in the field of robotics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland

    Thomas Picht & Peter Vajkoczy

  2. Exzellenzcluster Matters of Activity. Image Space Material, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland

    Thomas Picht

  3. Berliner Simulations- und Trainingszentrum (BeST), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland

    Thomas Picht

Authors
  1. Thomas Picht
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  2. Peter Vajkoczy
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Correspondence to Thomas Picht.

Ethics declarations

Interessenkonflikt

P. Vajkoczy hat in der Vergangenheit als Berater für die Firmen Brainlab und Accuray und T. Picht für die Firma Brainlab fungiert.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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A. Seekamp, Kiel

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Picht, T., Vajkoczy, P. Robotik und computergestützte Verfahren in der kranialen Neurochirurgie. Chirurgie 94, 299–306 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-022-01783-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-022-01783-9

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