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Zellquellen für kardiovaskuläres Tissue Engineering

Cell sources for cardiovascular tissue engineering

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Zusammenfassung

Zahlreiche Studien belegen eine signifikante Potenz verschiedener Stammzelltherapien zur Regeneration angeborener und erworbener Herzerkrankungen. Die Verwendung embryonaler Stammzellen und induzierter pluripotenter Stammzellen verspricht die mögliche Generierung und Regenerierung aller Strukturen des kardiovaskulären Systems. Fötale und adulte Stammzellen wie endotheliale Progenitorzellen, mesenchymale, hämatopoetische, kardiale Stammzellen und Myoblasten besitzen einerseits eingeschränktes multipotentes Differenzierungspotenzial. Andererseits sind sie offenbar parakrin hoch aktiv und unterstützen mit mehrfach bestätigter Sicherheit die Rekonstruktion und Herstellung kardiovaskulärer Strukturen. Auf dem visionären Weg zum durch „tissue engineering“ gebildeten, autonom funktionierenden autologen Herzen konnten bereits verschiedene vaskuläre, valvuläre und myokardiale Produkte erzeugt werden. Die Arbeit beschreibt mögliche Stammzellquellen für kardiovaskuläres Tissue Engineering und evaluiert deren Potenz und Sicherheit aus medizinischer wie ethischer Sicht entsprechend einer systematischen Literaturrecherche (Medline-Datenbank) und eigener Studien.

Abstract

Numerous studies have confirmed that stem cell therapy has significant potential for the regeneration of congenital and acquired heart diseases. The utilization of embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells promises a possible generation and regeneration of all cardiovascular structures. On the one hand fetal and adult stem cells, e.g. endothelial progenitors, mesenchymal, hematopoietic, cardiac stem cells and myoblasts, possess limited potential for multilinear differentiation. On the other hand these cells have high paracrin activity and support with well-confirmed safety the reconstruction and formation of cardiovascular structures. On the visionary track towards an autonomously functioning autologous heart generated by tissue engineering, vascular, valvular and myocardial tissues have already been successfully created. This manuscript describes the possible stem cell sources for cardiovascular tissue engineering and evaluates their potency and safety from a medical and ethical point of view employing the data from systematic reviews (Medline database) and own investigations.

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  1. Referenz- und Translationszentrum für kardiale Stammzelltherapie, Universität Rostock, Rostock, Deutschland

    C. Klopsch, P. Donndorf, A. Kaminski, N. Ma &  G. Steinhoff

  2. Klinik für Herzchirurgie, Universitäres Herzzentrum, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Deutschland

    C. Klopsch, P. Donndorf, A. Kaminski, N. Ma &  G. Steinhoff

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  1. C. Klopsch
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  5. G. Steinhoff
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Klopsch, C., Donndorf, P., Kaminski, A. et al. Zellquellen für kardiovaskuläres Tissue Engineering. Chirurg 82, 295–302 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-010-2030-3

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