Zusammenfassung
Mit der Verschiebung der Alterspyramide ist die Nachfrage an verjüngenden Eingriffen stetig gewachsen. Die umfangreichen anatomischen Studien der letzten Jahre haben uns in der Chirurgie des alternden Gesichts und der Mamma ein besseres Verständnis der anatomischen Strukturen und die Grundlage für die Alterungsprozesse gegeben. Hieraus resultiert eine Vielzahl von neuen Eingriffen, die dem Chirurgen im Vorfeld zur Verfügung stehen. Die Kenntnis dieser anatomischen Grundlagen, die als Basis der Alterungsprozesse anzusehen sind, und die Diversität an chirurgischen Eingriffen erlauben die Wiederherstellung eines natürlich wirkenden jugendlichen Gesichts, bei dem weniger die Straffung als die Neupositionierung der Gewebe im Vordergrund steht.
Bei der Blepharoplastik haben die Techniken in der Vergangenheit im Wesentlichen die Zeichen des Alterungsprozesses im Sinne einer Camouflage verändert, weniger handelte es sich bei diesen Eingriffen um eine wirkliche anatomische Restauration. Mit den modernen Blepharoplastiktechniken werden eine Umverteilung von Fettgewebe und eine anatomische Restauration der alternden Strukturen angestrebt. Hierdurch werden stabile Langzeitergebnisse erzielt und sekundäre Stigmata vermieden.
Auch im Bereich der Mammachirurgie haben sich Konzepte durchgesetzt, die ein möglichst natürliches Ergebnis erzielen, dies gilt vor allem für die Augmentation. Obwohl es keine einzelne Technik gibt, die man als die beste bezeichnen kann, gibt es doch für jeden Patienten mit seiner ganz individuellen Anatomie und seinen persönlichen Wünschen die für ihn am besten geeignete Technik.
Abstract
The demand for a younger appearance is increasing as the average age of the population increases. Extensive anatomic studies in recent years have improved for facial and breast reconstruction the understanding of anatomic structures and the basis of the aging process. Numerous new surgical techniques have resulted. This understanding of the anatomy of aging and the diversity of surgical methods have made the attainment of naturally young facial appearance more easily possible, in which repositioning of the tissue plays a more important role than lifting. In the past, plastic surgery of the eyelids aimed primarily at hiding the aging process, not at true anatomic restoration. Modern techniques in this field aim more toward redistribution of fatty tissues and the anatomic restoration of aging structures. In this way long-term results are stabilized and secondary stigmata can be avoided. New concepts have also been established in breast surgery that allow more natural results, particularly in augmentation. Although no single method may be designated as superior, there still exists an optimal technique suited to every patient’s anatomy and personal wishes.
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Ryssel, H., Germann, G. & Heitmann, C. Plastisch-chirurgische Korrekturen der Körperform – Rekonstruktion und Ästhetik. Chirurg 78, 381–396 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-007-1323-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-007-1323-7