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Gefäßchirurgische Interventionen und plastisch-rekonstruktive Chirurgie

Ergebnisoptimierung in der Behandlung chronischer Wunden

Vascular interventions and reconstructive plastic surgery

Optimizing the treatment of chronic wounds

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Zusammenfassung

Trotz der hohen Prävalenz arterieller Verschlusskrankheiten existieren nur wenige Untersuchungen über den Effekt interventioneller Maßnahmen zur Rekanalisierung von Extremitätengefäßen vor plastisch-chirurgischen Eingriffen. Ziel der Untersuchung war es, die Übereinstimmung von einfachen klinischen Untersuchungstechniken mit apparativer Diagnostik zur Diagnose von arteriellen Perfusionsstörungen zu prüfen und die Ergebnisse der Defektdeckung nach gefäßchirurgischer Intervention zu bewerten.

In dieser retrospektiven Studie wurden 150 Patienten mit chronischen Wunden der unteren Extremität mittels Palpation der Fußpulse, Dopplersonographie und Verschlussdruckmessung im Hinblick auf eine pAVK untersucht und pathologische Befunde angiographisch überprüft. Dem plastisch-chirurgischen Wundverschluss wurde dann eine gefäßchirurgische Intervention zur Verbesserung der Perfusion vorgeschaltet.

Bei allen 34 Patienten mit fehlenden Fußpulsen oder pathologischen Verschlussdrücken wurde die klinische Diagnose der peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit durch eine angiographische Gefäßdarstellung bestätigt. Es konnte stets postinterventionell eine Rekanalisierung der versorgenden Gefäße des Wundgebietes erzielt und anschließend ein Defektverschluss erreicht werden.

Mittels einfacher klinischer Untersuchung konnte eine Minderdurchblutung der unteren Extremität schnell und sicher festgestellt werden. Durch die angiologische Intervention konnten die Behandlung von chronischen Wunden verkürzt und die Kosten gesenkt werden.

Abstract

Despite the high prevalence of arterial occlusive disease, only a few studies have investigated the benefit of interventions to recanalize extremity arteries prior to plastic operations to close chronic wounds. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of simple clinical examinations and apparative diagnostics of arterial occlusive disease of the lower extremity in patients with chronic wounds and to evaluate the benefit of vascular procedures to optimize wound perfusion before surgical closure. A total of 150 individuals with chronic wounds were included in this retrospective study. All patients underwent palpation of their foot pulses, Doppler sonography, and measurement of occlusive pressure. Positive results were tested by angiography. All patients with peripheral extremity vessel occlusion underwent vascular interventions prior to plastic operations for definitive wound closure. In all 34 patients with missing foot pulses, the clinical diagnosis of arterial occlusion could be confirmed by angiography. Peripheral recanalization and improved wound perfusion could be achieved in all patients. Arterial insufficiency could be diagnosed rapidly and safely using simple clinical examination such as palpation of foot pulses or measurement of occlusive pressures combined with Doppler sonography. Thus this simple and straightforward algorithm helped to secure the success of surgical therapy by shortening the time until wound-healing and reducing the psychosocial burden on the patient and financial costs to the health care system.

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Aust, M., Spies, M., Kall, S. et al. Gefäßchirurgische Interventionen und plastisch-rekonstruktive Chirurgie. Chirurg 78, 729–736 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-007-1318-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-007-1318-4

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