Skip to main content
Log in

Chronische Pankreatitis

Diagnostik und Therapie

Chronic pancreatitis

Diagnosis and treatment

  • Weiterbildung · Zertifizierte Fortbildung
  • Published:
Der Chirurg Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Die chronische Pankreatitis ist definiert durch eine schubweise verlaufende Entzündung mit Verlust der exokrinen und endokrinen Funktion des Pankreas. Die hereditäre Pankreatitis ist eine autosomal dominant vererbbare Form der chronischen Pankreatitis mit einer phänotypischen Penetranz von bis zu 80%. Sie ist durch rezidivierende Pankreatitisschübe, die meist im frühen Kindesalter beginnen, eine meist positive Familienanamnese, eine weitgehend gleiche Geschlechtsverteilung sowie das Fehlen anderer krankheitsassoziierter Risikofaktoren charakterisiert. Die Pathogenese der chronischen Pankreatitis ist in vielen Punkten noch unklar. Als Leitsymptom imponieren der gürtelförmige Oberbauchschmerz, Gewichtsverlust und Diabetes mellitus. Die Diagnose wird durch bildgebende Verfahren wie den transabdominellen Ultraschall und die ERCP sowie die Untersuchung der Pankreasfunktion gestellt. Die Therapie beschränkt sich auf die Symptombekämpfung. Etwa 30–60% der Patienten entwickeln Komplikationen wie persistierende Schmerzen, Strikturen des Ductus hepatocholedochus, Pankreaspseudozysten oder Pankreasgangsteine, die einer interventionellen oder operativ-chirurgischen Therapie bedürfen.

Abstract

Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by periodic episodes of inflammation and loss of exocrine and endocrine function of the pancreas. Hereditary pancreatitis is an autosomal dominant disorder with an 80% penetrance, is associated with recurrent episodes of pancreatitis starting in early childhood and correlated to an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. The pathogenesis of chronic and hereditary pancreatitis is not yet fully understood. Patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis present with belt-like abdominal pain, weight loss, and often diabetes mellitus. The diagnosis is made by a combination of imaging procedures such as ultrasound and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and exocrine and endocrine function tests. Therapy is restricted to symptom control. Approximately 30–60% of all patients develop disease-associated complications such as persistent pain, strictures of the common bile duct, or pancreatic duct stones which require either interventional or surgical treatment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Abb. 1
Abb. 2
Abb. 3
Abb. 4a–d
Abb. 5
Abb. 6
Abb. 7

Literatur

  1. Ammann RW, Akovbiantz A, Largiader F, Schueler G (1984) Course and outcome of chronic pancreatitis. Longitudinal study of a mixed medicalsurgical series of 245 patients. Gastroenterology 86:820–828

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Beger HG, Schlosser W, Friess HM, Büchler MW (1999) Duodenum-preserving head resection in chronic pancreatitis changes the natural course of the disease: a single-center 26-year experience. Ann Surg 230:512–519

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Büchler MW, Friess H, Müller MW et al. (1995) Randomized trial of duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection versus pylorus-preserving Whipple in chronic pancreatitis. Am J Surg 169:65–69

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Chowdhury RS, Forsmark CE (2003) Review article: Pancreatic function testing. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 17:733–750

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Etemad B, Whitcomb DC (2001) Chronic pancreatitis: diagnosis, classification, and new genetic developments. Gastroenterology 120:682–707

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Friess H, Berberat PO, Wirtz M, Büchler MW (2002) Surgical treatment and long-term follow up in chronic pancreatitis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 14:971–977

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Glasbrenner B, Kahl S, Malfertheiner P (2002) Modern diagnostic of chronic pancreatitis. Europ J Gastro Hepat 14:935–941

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Gloor B, Friess H, Uhl W, Büchler MW (2000) A modified technique of the Beger and Frey procedure in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Dig Surg 18:21–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ho HS, Frey CF (2001) The Frey procedure: local resection of pancreatic head combined with lateral pancreaticojejunostomy. Arch Surg 136:1353–1358

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Howard TJ, Swofford JB, Wagner D et al. (2002) Quality of life after bilateral thorascopic splanchnicectomy: long term evaluation in patients with chronic pancreatitis. J Gastrointest Surg 6:845–854

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Izbicki JR, Blöchle C, Bröring DC et al. (1998) Extended drainage versus resection in surgery for chronic pancreatitis: a prospective randomized trial comparing the longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy combined with local pancreatic head excision with the pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy. Ann Surg 228:771–779

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Izbicki JR, Blöchle C, Bröring DC et al. (1998) Longitudinal V-shaped excision of the ventral pancreas for small duct disease in severe chronic pancreatitis: prospective evaluation of a new surgical procedure. Ann Surg 227:213–219

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Izbicki JR, Blöchle C, Knöfel WT et al. (1995) Duodenum-preserving resection of the head of the pancreas in chronic pancreatitis. A prospective, randomized trial. Ann Surg 221:350–358

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Klöppel G, Lüttges J, Löhr M et al. (2003) Autoimmune pancreatitis: pathological, clinical and immunological features. Pancreas 27:14–19

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Köninger J, Friess H, Müller M, Martigioni M, Büchler MW (2004) Die duodenumerhaltende Pankreaskopfresektion—organerhaltendes Operationsverfahren in der Behandlung der chronischen Pankreatitis. Chirurg DOI: 10.1007/s00104–004–0826–8

    Google Scholar 

  16. Li-Ling J, Irving M (2001) Somatostatin and octreotide in the prevention of postoperative pancreatic complications and the treatment of enterocutaneous pancreatic fistulas: a systemic review of randomized controlled trials. Br J Surg 88:190–199

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Mayerle J, Simon P, Kraft M, Lerch MM (2004) Funktionsdiagnostik der chronischen Pankreatitis. In: Raem AM, Fenger H, Kolb GF, Nikolaus T, Pientka L, Rychlik R, Vömeli T (Hrsg) Handbuch der Geriatrie 1–6

  18. Mossner J, Keim V, Niederau C et al. (1998) Guidelines for therapy of chronic pancreatitis. Consensus Conference of the German Society of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases. Halle 21–23 November 1996. Z Gastroenterol 36:359–367

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. NIH (2002) NIH state-of-the-science statement on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for diagnosis and therapy, NIH Consens State Sci Statements 19:1–26

    Google Scholar 

  20. Rosch T, Daniel S, Scholz M et al. (2002) Endoscopic treatment of chronic pancreatitis: a multicenter study of 1000 patients with long-term follow-up. Endoscopy 34:765–771

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Schäfer M, Müllhaupt B, Clavien PA (2002) Evidence-based pancreatic head resection for pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis. Ann Surg 236:137–148

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Schneider A, Whitcomb DC (2002) Hereditary pancreatitis: a model for inflammatory diseases of the pancreas. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 16:347–363

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Vitas GJ, Sarr MG (1992) Selected management of pancreatic pseudocysts: operative versus expectant management. Surgery 111:123–130

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Witt H, Simon P, Lerch MM (2001) Genetische Aspekte der chronischen Pankreatitis. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 126:988–993

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Interessenkonflikt:

Der korrespondierende Autor versichert, dass keine Verbindungen mit einer Firma, deren Produkt in dem Artikel genannt ist, oder einer Firma, die ein Konkurrenzprodukt vertreibt, bestehen.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C.-D. Heidecke.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mayerle, J., Stier, A., Lerch, M.M. et al. Chronische Pankreatitis. Chirurg 75, 731–748 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-004-0892-y

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-004-0892-y

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation