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Körperliche Langzeitfolgen von Krebserkrankungen

Physical long-term consequences of cancer

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die Anzahl der Langzeitüberlebenden von malignen Erkrankungen nimmt stetig zu, was auf die Weiterentwicklung und Optimierung der multimodalen Therapiestrategien sowie auf die Wirkmechanismen neuer Substanzklassen zurückzuführen ist. Diese können nun mit „klassischen“ Behandlungsverfahren kombiniert oder sequenziell eingesetzt werden. Gleichzeitig erhöht sich dadurch aber auch die Anzahl der Patient:innen, die an körperlichen und psychosozialen Langzeitfolgen der Krebstherapien leiden oder mit chronischen Nebenwirkungen unter den Langzeittherapien leben müssen. Jede Therapieform, egal ob Bestrahlung, Chemo‑, Immun-, zielgerichtete und auch die endokrine Therapie oder die Operationen an sich, kann körperliche Langzeitfolgen nach sich ziehen. Diese können jeden Teil des Körpers betreffen und die Patient:innen stark belasten. In der Onkologie und in anderen Disziplinen, die in die Nachsorge von Tumorpatient:innen involviert sind, müssen daher diese Folgen vermehrt thematisiert, darüber aufgeklärt und Behandlungsstrategien weiterentwickelt werden. Leider besteht in diesem Bereich noch erheblicher Forschungsbedarf und es fehlen klinische Studien, die die Evidenz verschiedenster ganzheitlicher Therapieverfahren untersuchen.

Abstract

The number of long-term survivors of malignant diseases is steadily increasing, which is due to the further development and optimization of multimodal therapy strategies and the mechanisms of new substance classes. These can now be combined with classical treatment methods or used sequentially. At the same time the number of patients who suffer from physical and psychosocial long-term consequences of cancer therapies or have to live with chronic side effects under the long-term therapies increases. Every therapy, whether radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or operation, has undesirable long-term side effects that contribute to the decrease of one’s quality of life. These affect all parts of the body. As a result, patients can be heavily burdened. In oncology and in other disciplines involved in aftercare, these consequences must therefore be increasingly addressed and clarified and treatment strategies further developed. Unfortunately, there is still a considerable need for research in this area; moreover, there is a lack of clinical studies examining the evidence of a wide variety of holistic therapy methods.

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Correspondence to Lisa Ernst.

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L. Ernst und G. Schilling geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Ernst, L., Schilling, G. Körperliche Langzeitfolgen von Krebserkrankungen. Bundesgesundheitsbl 65, 420–430 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-022-03504-3

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