Zusammenfassung
Die Bedeutung des Erregers Arcobacter für den öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst ist trotz zunehmender Studien nicht hinreichend geklärt. Neuere Untersuchungen belegen, dass insbesondere Arcobacter (A.) butzleri aber auch A. cryaerophilus und A. skirrowii Gastroenteritiden beim Menschen auslösen können. Die Pathogenese und mögliche Virulenzfaktoren sind noch weitestgehend unbekannt. Nutztiere, vor allem Geflügel und Schweine, stellen wahrscheinlich ein bedeutendes Reservoir für Arcobacter spp. dar. Darüber hinaus wurde Arcobacter in den vergangenen Jahren verstärkt in rohen Fleischprodukten, vor allem Geflügel- und Schweinefleisch, aber auch im Wasser nachgewiesen. Jedoch gibt es zurzeit keine standardisierten Isolations- und Nachweismethoden, um vergleichbare Daten zu erheben. Verstärkte Anstrengungen sowohl in der Veterinär- als auch Humanmedizin sind notwendig, um Kenntnisse zum Vorkommen, zu den Übertragungswegen und zur Pathogenese von Arcobacter spp. zu erhalten und auf dieser Basis eine exakte Risikobewertung durchzuführen.
Abstract
The relevance for public health of the agent Arcobacter is mostly unclear despite of an increasing number of studies. Recent evidence shows that especially Arcobacter (A.) butzleri but also A. cryaerophilus and A. skirrowii may be involved in human enteric diseases. However, little is currently known about pathogenicity or potential virulence factors. Livestock animals, particularly poultry and pigs, might be a significant reservoir of Arcobacter spp. Furthermore, Arcobacter spp. could be isolated from retail raw meat products of these animals as well as from drinking water. There are currently no standardized isolation and detection methods to collect comparable data. Further studies and efforts of both human and veterinary medicine are needed to elucidate prevalence, epidemiology, the pathogenic role and potential virulence factors of Arcobacter spp. These data are the necessary basis for further risk assessment.
Literatur
Debruyne L, Gevers D, Vandamme P (2008) Taxonomy of the family Campylobactereaceae. In: Nachamkin I, Szymanski CM, Blaser MJ (Hrsg) Campylobacter, 3. Aufl. ASM Press, Washington, DC, S 3–26
Ellis WA, Neill SD, O’Brien JJ et al (1977) Isolation of Spirillum/Vibrio-like organisms from bovine fetuses. Vet Rec 100:451–452
Shah AH, Saleha AA, Zunita Z et al (2011) Arcobacter – an emerging threat to animals and animal food products? Trends Food Sci Technol 22:225–236
Snelling WJ, Matsuda M, Moore JE et al (2006) Under the microscope: Arcobacter. Lett Appl Microbiol 42:7–14
Vandenberg O, Dediste A, Houf K et al (2004) Arcobacter species in humans. Emerg Infect Dis 10:1863–1867
Ferreira S, Queiroz JA, Oleastro M et al (2015) Insights in the pathogensis and resistance of Arcobacter: a review. Crit Rev Microbiol:1–20
Atabay HI, Waino M, Madsen M (2006) Detection and diversity of various Arcobacter species in Danish poultry. Int J Food Microbiol 109:139–145
Houf K, Devriese LA, De Zutter L et al (2001) Development of a new protocol for the isolation and quantification of Arcobacter species from poultry products. Int J Food Microbiol 71:189–196
Ho HTK, Lipman LJA, van der Graf-van Bloois L et al (2006) Potential routes of acquisition of Arcobacter species by piglets. Vet Microbiol 114:123–133
Houf K, De Zutter L, Van Hoof J et al (2002) Assessment of the genetic diversity among Arcobacters isolated from poultry products by using two PCR-based typing methods. Appl Environ Microbiol 68:2172–2178
Collado L, Figueras MJ (2011) Taxonomy, epidemiology, and clinical relevance of the genus Arcobacter. Clin Microbiol Rev 24:174–192
Houf K, Tutenel A, De Zutter L et al (2000) Development of a multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection and identification of Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus and Arcobacter skirrowii. FEMS Microbiol Lett 193:89–94
Levican A, Figueras MJ (2013) Performance of five molecular methods for monitoring Arcobacter spp. BMC Microbiol 13:220
Figueras MJ, Collado L, Guarro J (2008) A new 16S rDNA-RFLP method for the discrimination of the accepted species of Arcobacter. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 62:11–15
Aydin F, Fumussoy KS, Atabay HI et al (2007) Prevalence and distribution of Arcobacter species in various sources in Turkey and molecular analysis of isolated strains by ERIC-PCR. J Appl Microbiol 103:27–35
Prouzet-Mauléon V, Labadi L, Bouges N et al (2006) Arcobacter butzleri: Underestimated enteropathogen. Emerg Infec Dis 12:307–309
Van Driessche E, Houf K, Vangroenweghe F et al (2005) Prevalence, enumeration and strain variation of Arcobacter species in feces of healthy cattle in Belgium. Vet Microbiol 105:149–154
Vilar MJ, Pena FJ, Perez I et al (2010) Prevalence of Listeria, Arcobacter and Campylobacter spp. in dairy farms in Spain. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 123:58–62
Ho TKH, Lipman LJA, van der Graaf-van Blois L, van Bergen M et al (2006) Potential routes of acquisition of Arcobacter species by piglets. Vet Microbiol 114:123–133
Ho HTK, Lipman LJA, Gaastra W (2008) The introduction of Arcobacter spp. in poultry slaughterhouses. Int J Food Microbiol 125:223–229
Lipman LJA, Ho HTK, Gaastra W (2008) The presence of Arcobacter species in breeding hens and eggs from these hens. Poult Sci 87:2404–2407
Collado L, Guarro J, Figueras MJ (2009) Prevalence of Arcobacter in meat and shellfish. J Food Prot 72:1102–1106
Fera MT, La Camera E, Carbone H et al (2009) Pet cats as carriers of Arcobacter spp. in Southern Italy. J Appl Microbiol 106:1661–1666
Houf K, De Smet S, Bare J et al (2008) Dogs as carriers of the emerging pathogen Arcobacter. Vet Microbiol 130:208–213
Anderson KF, Kiehlbauch JA, Anderson DC, McClure HM et al (1993) Arcobacter (Campylobacter) butzleri-associated diarrheal illness in a nonhuman primate population. Infect Immun 61:2220–2223
Hamir AN, Sonn RJ, Franklin S et al (2004) Campylobacter jejuni and Arcobacter species associated with intussusception in a raccoon (Procyon lotor). Vet Rec 155:338–340
Gardner TJ, Fitzgerald C, Xavier C et al (2011) Outbreak of campylobacteriosis associated with consumption of raw peas. Clin Infect Dis 53:26–32
Vandamme P, Pugina P, Benzi G et al (1992) Outbreak of recurrent abdominal cramps associated with Arcobacter butzleri in an Italian school. J Clin Microbiol 30:2335–2337
Tayler DN, Kiehlbauch JA, Tee W et al (1991) Isolation of group 2 aerotolerant Campylobacter species from Thai children with diarrhea. J Infect Dis 163:1062–1067
Samie A, Obi CL, Barrett J et al (2007) Prevalence of Campylobacter species, Helicobacter pylori and Arcobacter species in stool samples from the Venda region, Limpopo, South Africa: studies using molecular diagnostic methods. J Infect 54:558–566
Abdelbaqi K, Buissonniere A, Prouzet-Mauléon V et al (2007) Development of a real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer PCR to detect Arcobacter species. J Clin Microbiol 45:3015–3021
Ferreira S, Júlio C, Queiroz JA et al (2014) Molecular diagnosis of Arcobacter and Campylobacter in diarrhoeal samples among Portuguese patients. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 78:220–225
Houf K, Stephan R (2007) Isolation and characterization of the emerging foodborne pathogen Arcobacter from human stool. J Microbiol Methods 68:408–413
Lappi V, Archer JR, Cebelinski E et al (2013) An outbreak of foodborne illness among attendees of a wedding reception in Wisconsin likely caused by Arcobacter butzleri. Foodborne Pathog Dis 10:250–255
Son I, Englen MD, Berrang ME et al (2007) Antimicrobial resistance of Arcobacter and Campylobacter from broiler carcasses. Int J Antimicrob Agents 29:451–455
Abay S, Kayman T, Hizlisoy H et al (2011) In vitro antibacterial susceptibility of Arcobacter butzleri isolated from different sources. J Vet Med Sci 74:613–616
Assanta MA, Roy D, Lemay MJ et al (2002) Attachment of Arcobacter butzleri, a new waterborne pathogen, to water distribution pipe surfaces. J Food Prot 65:1240–1247
Peters J, Melchner T, Mac KN et al (2006) Vorkommen von Arcobacter spp. in Hähnchen- und Schweinefleisch aus dem Einzelhandel. Amtstierarztl Dienst (Sonderausgabe 26.–29.9.2006) (ISSN 0945-3296):264
Lehmann D, Alter T, Lehmann L et al (2015) Prevalence, virulence gene distribution and genetic diversity of Arcobacter in food samples in Germany. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 128:163–168
International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods (ICMSF) (2002) Microorganisms in foods. 7. Microbiological testing in food safety management. Kluwer Academic/Plenum, New York, 171
Karadas G, Sharbati S, Hänel I et al (2013) Presence of virulence genes, adhesion and invasion of Arcobacter butzleri. J Appl Microbiol 115:583–590
Fernández H, Eller G, Paillacar J et al (1995) Toxigenic and invasive capacities: possible pathogenic mechanisms in Arcobacter cryaerophilus. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 90:633–634
Villarruel-Lopez A, Marquez-Gonzales M, Garay-Martinez LE et al (2003) Isolation of Arcobacter spp. from retail meats and cytotoxic effects of isolates against Vero cells. J Food Prot 66:1374–1378
Miller WG, Parker CT, Rubenfield M et al (2007) The complete genome sequence and analysis of the Epsilonproteobacterium Arcobacter butzleri. PLoS ONE 12:e1358
Wesley IV, Baetz AL, Larson DJ (1996) Infection of cesarean-derived colostrum-deprived 1-day-old piglets with Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus and Arcobacter skirrowii. Infect Immun 64:2295–2299
Wesley IV, Baetz AL (1999) Natural and experimental infections of Arcobacter in poultry. Poult Sci 78:536–545
Heimesaat MM, Karadas G, Alutis M et al (2015) Survey of small intestinal and systemic immune responses following murine Arcobacter butzleri infection. Gut Pathog 7:28
Adesiji YO, Benjamin EO, Jannet OO (2009) Histopathological changes associated with experimental infection of Arcobacter butzleri in albino rats. Sierra Leone. J Biomed Res 1:4–9
Cervenka L (2007) Survival and inactivation of Arcobacter spp., a current status and future prospect. Crit Rev Microbiol 33:101–108
Wesley IV, Wells SJ, Harmon KM et al (2000) Fecal shedding of Campylobacter and Arcobacter spp. in dairy cattle. Appl Environ Microbiol 66:1994–2000
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Interessenkonflikt
I. Hänel, H. Tomaso und H. Neubauer geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hänel, I., Tomaso, H. & Neubauer, H. Arcobacter – ein unterschätzter Zoonoseerreger?. Bundesgesundheitsbl 59, 789–794 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-016-2350-7
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-016-2350-7