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Körperliche Aktivität und Adipositas

Physical activity and obesity

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz volume 55, pages 24–34 (2012)Cite this article

Zusammenfassung

Als Ursache für die hohe Prävalenz von Übergewicht und Adipositas wird unter anderem die Veränderung der Lebensumstände im Vergleich zu früheren Jahrzehnten, das sogenannte „obesogene“ Umfeld, gesehen. Der Rückgang der körperlichen Aktivität (KA) zugunsten eines sitzenden Lebensstils spielt hierbei vermutlich eine zentrale Rolle. Körperliche Aktivität beziehungsweise Inaktivität beeinflusst sowohl die Entstehung von Übergewicht und Adipositas als auch verschiedene metabolische Störungen. Der vorliegende Übersichtsbeitrag fasst den Stand des Wissens zum Zusammenhang zwischen KA und Übergewicht/Adipositas zusammen. Es werden der Begriff „Körperliche Aktivität“ definiert und verschiedene Methoden ihrer Messung vorgestellt. Außerdem werden Möglichkeiten zur Bewertung/Operationalisierung der ermittelten KA beschrieben, bevor anschließend epidemiologische Studien, die den Zusammenhang zwischen KA und Übergewicht/Adipositas bei Kindern/Jugendlichen und bei Erwachsenen untersucht haben, vorgestellt werden.

Abstract

One reason for the high prevalence of overweight and obesity might be the differences in lifestyle compared to earlier decades, called the “obesogenic environment.” With this, the decline in physical activity (PA) in favor of a sedentary lifestyle is assumed to play an important role. Physical activity or inactivity has a major impact on the development of overweight and obesity as well as on certain metabolic disorders. This review summarizes current scientific knowledge regarding the association between PA and overweight/obesity. The term “physical activity” is defined and different methods of its assessment are introduced. In addition, certain methods for the evaluation/operationalization of collected PA data are described. Finally, some epidemiological studies dealing with the associations between PA and overweight/obesity in children/adolescents as well as in adults are presented.

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  1. Abteilung Epidemiologische Methoden und Ursachenforschung, BIPS - Institut für Epidemiologie und Präventionsforschung, Achterstr. 30, 28359, Bremen, Deutschland

    S. Winkler, A. Hebestreit & W. Ahrens

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  1. S. Winkler
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  2. A. Hebestreit
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  3. W. Ahrens
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Die Arbeit wurde teilweise unterstützt durch das Kompetenznetz Adipositas, gefördert vom deutschen Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Förderkennzeichen DLR 01GI0822).

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Winkler, S., Hebestreit, A. & Ahrens, W. Körperliche Aktivität und Adipositas. Bundesgesundheitsbl. 55, 24–34 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-011-1386-y

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Schlüsselwörter

  • Health Enhancing Physical Activity (HEPA)
  • Physical Activity Level (PAL)
  • Metabolisches Äquivalent (MET)
  • Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA)
  • Accelerometrie
  • Epidemiologie
  • Kompetenznetz Adipositas

Keywords

  • Health enhancing physical activity (HEPA)
  • Physical activity level (PAL)
  • Metabolic equivalent (MET)
  • Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)
  • Accelerometry
  • Epidemiology
  • Competence Network Obesity