Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Ein wichtiger Baustein in der Sepsistherapie ist die frühzeitige und zielgerichtete hämodynamische Optimierung. Eine der definierten Zielgrößen in diesem Zusammenhang ist die zentralvenöse Sauerstoffsättigung (SO2). Das Ziel dieser Sekundäranalyse ist die Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs zwischen der zentralvenösen SO2 und einer frontalzerebralen Nahinfrarotspektroskopie (NIRS) bei Patienten mit schwerer Sepsis oder septischem Schock.
Material und Methoden
Es wurde eine prospektive Untersuchung von 16 operativen Intensivpatienten (medianes Alter 65 Jahre) in der frühen Phase einer schweren Sepsis oder eines septischen Schocks durchgeführt. Erhoben wurden bilateral über dem Frontalhirn gemessene NIRS-Werte (rSO2), die zentralvenöse SO2 und weitere Surrogatparameter des Sauerstofftransports und -stoffwechsels (Hämoglobin, arterieller Sauerstoffpartialdruck, Sauerstoffgehalt).
Ergebnisse
Die minimale rSO2 und die rechts frontal gemessene rSO2 korrelierten in der Analyse der erfassten Daten mithilfe der „receiver operating characteristics“ mit der zentralvenösen SO2 („area under the curve“= 0,844; p= 0,045). Eine zentralvenöse SO2 < 70% wird durch eine rSO2 < 56,5% mit einer Sensitivität von 75% und Spezifität 100% angezeigt.
Schlussfolgerung
Die zerebrale NIRS könnte ein schnelles, einfaches und nebenwirkungsfreies Verfahren darstellen, das in der frühen Sepsis in Kombination mit anderen etablierten Monitoringverfahren frühzeitig zur Therapiesteuerung genutzt werden kann.
Abstract
Background
Early goal-directed hemodynamic optimization has become a cornerstone of sepsis therapy. One major defined goal is to achieve adequate central venous oxygen saturation (SO2). This study aimed to investigate the correlation between central venous SO2 and frontal cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurement in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. The NIRS method provides non-invasive measurement of regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) in tissues approximately 2 cm below the optical NIRS sensors which depends on arterial, capillary and venous blood. Thus this system gives site-specific real-time data about the balance of oxygen supply and demand.
Methods
This was a secondary analysis from a prospective study of surgical intensive care (ICU) patients in the early phase of severe sepsis or septic shock. Bilateral cerebral rSO2, central venous SO2, arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and other surrogate parameters of oxygen supply, such as hemoglobin, partial pressure of oxygen and oxygen content in arterial blood were recorded.
Results
A total of 16 ICU patients (4 women, median age 65.5 years) were included in the study. As sepsis focus an intra-abdominal infection was detected in 62.5 % of patients, severe pneumonia was determined in 31.3 % and skin and soft tissue infections were recognized in 12.5 %. At study inclusion 50 % of patients had septic shock, the median sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score was 10.2 (interquartile range 5.25–8.75) and the median acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score was 26 (range 23.25–29.75). Mortality at day 28 was 37.5 %. Minimum rSO2 (median 58) and right-sided rSO2 (median 58) values showed a significant correlation in the analysis of receiver operating characteristics (area under the curve 0.844, p= 0.045). A central venous SO2< 70 % was indicated by rSO2< 56.5 with sensitivity and specificity of 75 % and 100 %, respectively.
Conclusions
Cerebral NIRS could provide a fast and easily available side effect-free monitoring that could be used in addition to established procedures for goal-directed treatment in the early phase of sepsis. Further studies should be made in a larger population to verify the correlation found and to investigate the impact of NIRS-directed resuscitation treatment in early sepsis.
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Interessenkonflikt
Der korrespondierende Autor weist für sich und seine Koautoren auf folgende Beziehung hin: M.A. Weigand nahm an einem Advisory Board der Fa. Covidien Deutschland GmbH teil. Die übrigen Autoren geben an, dass keine Interessenkonflikte bestehen.
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C. Lichtenstern und C. Koch haben gleichermaßen an der Erstellung dieser Arbeit beigetragen.
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Lichtenstern, C., Koch, C., Röhrig, R. et al. Nahinfrarotspektroskopie in der Sepsistherapie. Anaesthesist 61, 883–891 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-012-2087-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-012-2087-0