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Wenige Blutkulturproben – wenige Infektionen?

Less blood culture samples – less infections?

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Daten des Krankenhaus-Infektions-Surveillance-Systems (KISS) wurden benutzt, um die Assoziation zwischen der Blutkulturproben- (BK-)Abnahmefrequenz und der mit einem zentralen Venenkatheter (ZVK) assoziierten Sepsisrate in Intensivstationen zu untersuchen.

Material und Methoden

Ein Fragebogen bezüglich der BK-Abnahmefrequenz wurde zu allen teilnehmenden KISS-Intensivstationen gesendet. Univariable und multivariable Analysen wurden durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse

Daten von 223 Intensivstationen wurden eingeschlossen. Die mediane Anzahl der BK-Paare im Jahr 2006 betrug 60 mit einer großen Variationsbreite von 3,2–680/1000 Patiententage. Ein Anstieg der BK-Frequenz um 100 BK/1000 Patiententage führte zu einem 1,27-fachen Anstieg der Inzidenzdichte der ZVK-Sepsis (95%-Konfidenzintervall, 95%-KI 1,01–1,26). Ein weiterer signifikanter Risikofaktor für ZVK-Sepsis war die Liegedauer auf der Intensivstation (adjustiertes Inzidenzratenverhältnis 1,25, 95%-KI 1,15–1,35). Der Status einer interdisziplinären Intensivstation war mit einer geringeren Infektionsrate assoziiert.

Schlussfolgerung

Sofern ein externes Benchmarking der Intensivstationen beabsichtigt ist, muss eine Adjustierung der ZVK-assoziierten Sepsisraten entsprechend der BK-Frequenz erfolgen. Eine ausreichende Blutkultivierungsfrequenz sollte sich als Qualitätsparameter in der Intensivmedizin etablieren.

Abstract

Background

The data of the German hospital nosocomial infection surveillance system (KISS) were used to investigate the association between the frequency of blood cultures (BC) and central venous catheter associated bloodstream infection (CVC-BSI) rates in intensive care units (ICU).

Methods

A questionnaire on the frequency of BCs taken was sent to all ICUs participating in KISS and univariable and multivariable analyses were performed on the results.

Results

A total of 223 ICUs provided data. The median number of BC pairs taken in 2006 was 60 with a huge variation from 3.2 to 680 per 1,000 patient days. The mean primary BSI rate was 0.90 per 1,000 patient days and 0.25 BSIs per 1,000 patient days were caused by coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS). The mean CVC-BSI rate was 1.40 per 1,000 CVC days. In the univariable analysis the blood culture frequency had a significant influence on the CVC-associated BSI rate, considering either all pathogens (p=0.001) or only the subgroup of CNS-related cases (p=0.019). There was also a significant influence of the BC frequency on the CVC-BSI rate considering all pathogens (p=0.004) as well as the subgroup of CNS (p=0.018). Therefore the BC frequency was a significant factor affecting the incidence of BSI and CVC-BSI. According to the multivariable analysis an increase of the BC frequency of 100 BCs per 1,000 patient days leads to a 1.27-fold higher incidence density of CVC-BSI with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 1.01–1.26. A further significant risk factor for CVC-BSI was the length of stay in the ICU with an adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 1.25 (95% CI 1.15–1.35). To have the status of an interdisciplinary ICU was a significant protective factor (IRR 0.64; 95% CI 0.45–0.92).

Conclusions

If an external benchmarking of ICU CVC-BSI rates is intended an adjustment according to the BC frequency is necessary. The BC frequency itself should be established as a quality indicator in intensive care.

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Gastmeier, P., Schwab, F., Behnke, M. et al. Wenige Blutkulturproben – wenige Infektionen?. Anaesthesist 60, 902–907 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-011-1889-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-011-1889-9

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