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Linear dose response of acrocentric chromosome associations to gamma irradiation in human lymphocytes

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Abstract

Purpose

The frequency of acrocentric chromosome associations (ACA) was studied to determine the possible dose–response relationship of gamma irradiation in human lymphocytes.

Methods

Peripheral blood collected from three healthy donors was irradiated with 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 Gy of gamma radiation. Chromosomal preparations were made after 48 h of culture as per standard guidelines. The experiment was repeated three times, with a different donor each time.

Results

The ACA frequency in irradiated lymphocytes increased with radiation dose. The D–G type of association was most prominent and showed a significant dose-dependent increase in frequency. The dose response of ACA frequency to radiation was found to be linear: ACA frequency = 0.2923 (±0.0276) + 0.1846 (±0.0307) × D (correlation coefficient r = 0.9442). As expected, dicentric chromosome (DC) frequencies followed the linear quadratic fit model, with DC frequency = 0.0015 (±0.0013) + 0.0220 (±0.0059) × D + 0.0215 (±0.0018) × D^2 (correlation coefficient r = 0.9982). A correlation curve was prepared for ACA frequency versus DC frequency, resulting in the regression equation y = 1.130x + 0.4051 (R2 = 0.7408; p = 0.0014).

Conclusion

Our results showed an increase in ACA frequency in irradiated lymphocytes with an increase in radiation dose; thus, ACA may serve as a candidate cytogenetic biomarker for radiation biodosimetry.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful for the voluntary help of donors in giving blood samples for the study. The financial support from INMAS/DRDO to RMS in terms of the CARS project (ST-CARS/18-19/INM/01) is thankfully acknowledged. The authors are thankful to Director BMHRC, Bhopal, and Director INMAS, Delhi for providing necessary laboratory facilities for the smooth conduct of the study.

Funding

This work was supported by a grant received from INMAS/DRDO to RMS in terms of the CARS project (ST-CARS/18-19/INM/01).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Research, ICMR-Bhopal Memorial Hospital & Research Centre (ICMR-BMHRC), Government of India, Raisen Bypass Road, 462038, Bhopal, India

    Ravindra M Samarth & Puneet Gandhi

  2. Division of Radiation Biodosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, 110054, Delhi, India

    Nabo Kumar Chaudhury

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  1. Ravindra M Samarth
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  2. Puneet Gandhi
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Contributions

RMS and NKC designed the study. RMS and PG generated and analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript. All authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ravindra M Samarth.

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Conflict of interest

R.M. Samarth, P. Gandhi, and N.K. Chaudhury declare that they have no competing interests.

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Samarth, R.M., Gandhi, P. & Chaudhury, N.K. Linear dose response of acrocentric chromosome associations to gamma irradiation in human lymphocytes. Strahlenther Onkol 199, 182–191 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-022-01978-3

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