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Stereotactic body radiotherapy for pulmonary metastases

Prognostic factors and adverse respiratory events

Stereotaktische Körperstrahlentherapie von Lungenmetastasen

Prognostische Faktoren und unerwünschte respiratorische Zwischenfälle

Strahlentherapie und Onkologie volume 189, pages 285–292 (2013)Cite this article

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for pulmonary metastases.

Patients and methods

Between April 2007 and March 2011, 87 patients underwent SBRT for pulmonary metastases using the in-house Air-Bag SystemTM to obtain the four-dimensional image for treatment planning and to reduce intrafractional intrathoracic organ motion with abdominal compression to reduce the risk of radiation pneumonitis. Survival and respiratory adverse events were analyzed.

Results

The 2- and 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 47 and 32 %, and the corresponding cause-specific survivals were 52 and 36 %. The 2- and 3-year OS rates were 57 and 49 % for patients in group 1, respectively, while the corresponding OS rates were 48 and 21 %, and 40 and 32 % for patients in groups 2 and 3, respectively. The 2- and 3-year local control (LC) rates were 80 and 80 %, respectively. The corresponding intrathoracic progression-free survival rates were 40 and 32 %, respectively. Concerning adverse respiratory events after SBRT for pulmonary metastases, 14 % were grade 0 (G0), 66 % G1, 13 % G2, 6 % G3, and 1 % G4. Concerning the adverse respiratory events (NCI-CTC) by grade scale, 1- and 2-year cumulative probabilities of radiation pneumonitis were 12 and 20 % for G2 and 4 and 10 % for G3/4, respectively. The mean values for cumulative V20 were 11.6 ± 8.5 %, 29.8 ± 18.6 %, and 25.7 ± 12.8 % in G0/1, G2, and G3/4, respectively. The number of pulmonary metastases that could be safely treated with SBRT was 6 PTVs (or seven gross tumor volumes) within a cumulative V20 of 30 % under the restricted intrafractional respiratory tumor motion using the Air-Bag SystemTM.

Conclusion

We propose that the number of pulmonary metastases that can be safely treated with SBRT is 6 PTVs with a cumulative V20 of 30 % under the restricted respiratory tumor motion using the Air-Bag SystemTM. SBRT for pulmonary metastases offers locally effective treatment for recurrent or residual lesions after first line chemotherapy.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel

Das Ziel dieser retrospektiven Studie war es, die Durchführbarkeit, Sicherheit und Effektivität der stereotaktischen Strahlentherapie („stereotactic body radiotherapy“, SBRT) für Lungenmetastasen auszuwerten.

Patienten und Methoden

Zwischen April 2007 und März 2011 durchliefen 87 Patienten die SBRT für Lungenmetastasen unter Verwendung eines hauseigenen Air-Bag-SystemsTM, um 4-D-CT-Bilder zur Erleichterung der Behandlungsplanung zu erhalten und die intrafraktionäre intrathorakale Organbewegung durch abdominelle Kompression zu verringern, um so das Risiko einer Strahlenpneumonitis zu reduzieren. Das Überleben sowie unerwünschte respiratorische Zwischenfälle wurden analysiert.

Ergebnisse

Die 2- und 3-Jahres-Gesamtüberlebensraten (OS) betrugen 47 und 32 %, die entsprechenden fallspezifischen Überlebensraten lagen bei 52 und 36 %. Die 2- und 3-Jahres-OS betrugen für Patienten in Gruppe 1 jeweils 57 und 49 %, für Patienten in den Gruppen 2 und 3 jeweils 48 und 21 % sowie 40 und 32 %. Die 2- und 3-Jahresraten der lokalen Kontrolle (LK) lagen jeweils bei 80 und 80 %. Die entsprechenden intrathorakalen progressionsfreien Überlebensraten ergaben jeweils 40 und 32 %. Bezüglich der unerwünschten respiratorischen Ereignisse nach der SBRT der Lungenmetastasen waren 14 % G0, 66 % G1, 13 % G2, 6 % G3 und 1 % G4. Bezüglich der unerwünschten respiratorischen Ereignisse (NCI-CTC) nach Gradskala betrugen die kumulativen 1- und 2-Jahres-Wahrscheinlichkeiten für eine Strahlenpneumonie jeweils 12 und20 % für G2 und 4 und 10 % für G3/4. Der Mittelwert des kumulativen V20 betrug 11,6 ± 8,5 % in G0/1, 29,8 ± 18,6 % in G2 und 25,7 ± 12,8 % in G3/4. Die Anzahl der Lungenmetastasen, die mit SBRT sicher behandelt werden konnten, betrug 6 PTVs („planning target volume“ oder 7 GTVs, „gross tumor volume“) innerhalb des kumulativen V20 von 30 % unter der mit Hilfe des Air-Bag-Systems eingeschränkten intrafraktionären respiratorischen Tumorbewegung.

Schlussfolgerung

Die Anzahl an geheilten Lungenmetastasen, die mit SBRT behandelt werden konnten, lag bei 6 PTVs mit einem kumulativen V20 von 30 % mit eingeschränkter respiratorischer Tumorbewegung durch das Air-Bag-System. Die SBRT für Lungenmetastasen bietet eine effektive Behandlungsmöglichkeit für wiederkehrende oder verbleibende Läsionen nach der „First-line“-Chemotherapie.

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Conflict of interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Miyakojima IGRT Clinic, Osaka University, 1-16-22 Miyakojima-Hondori, Miyakojima-Ku, 534-0021, Osaka, Japan

    T. Inoue PhD, MD, R.-J. Oh, H. Shiomi, N. Masai & H. Miura

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  1. T. Inoue PhD, MD
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  2. R.-J. Oh
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  3. H. Shiomi
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  4. N. Masai
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  5. H. Miura
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. Inoue PhD, MD.

Additional information

This paper was presented at the 16th Workshop of German–Japanese Radiological Affiliation in Münster on 26 May 2012.

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Inoue, T., Oh, RJ., Shiomi, H. et al. Stereotactic body radiotherapy for pulmonary metastases. Strahlenther Onkol 189, 285–292 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-012-0290-1

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