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Prophylaxe der tiefen Beinvenenthrombose mit Enoxaparin 40 mg bei ambulanten und stationären internistischen Patienten

Prophylaxis of Deep Vein Thrombosis with Enoxaparin 40 mg in Outpatients Compared to Hospitalized Medically Ill Patients

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Zusammenfassung

Ziel:

Die Wirksamkeit und die Verträglichkeit einer Thromboembolieprophylaxe mit Enoxaparin 40 mg wurden bei immobilisierten stationären und ambulanten nichtchirurgischen Patienten untersucht.

Patienten und Methodik:

Von Oktober 2005 bis Oktober 2006 wurden insgesamt 800 Praxispatienten aus 275 Zentren und 381 Klinikpatienten aus 80 Zentren mit einer durch eine akute internistische Erkrankung eingeschränkten körperlichen Aktivität in eine nationale, multizentrische, nichtinterventionelle Beobachtungsstudie eingeschlossen. Primärer Endpunkt waren alle klinischen Zeichen einer tiefen Venenthrombose (TVT) und/oder Lungenembolien während der Phase der Prophylaxe und bis 48 h nach Absetzen. Die Patienten erhielten die Prophylaxe im Durchschnitt über 9–14 Tage.

Ergebnisse:

Die ambulanten und stationären Patienten unterschieden sich bezüglich ihrer Mobilitätseinschränkungen nur gering. Allerdings lag der Anteil der Patienten mit Infektionskrankheiten mit 53,8% bei den Praxispatienten deutlich höher als mit 37,5% bei den Klinikpatienten. Auch die Häufigkeiten der Erkrankungen des muskuloskelettalen Systems (Praxis 20,9% vs. Klinik 7,3%) und der akut dekompensierten Herzinsuffizienz (Praxis 16,5% vs. Klinik 25,1%) waren ungleich verteilt. Als primäre Endpunkte traten bei zwei Praxispatienten im Alter > 65 Jahre (0,3%) klinische Anzeichen einer TVT während des Beobachtungszeitraums auf, die sonographisch bestätigt wurden. Als sekundäre Endpunkte kam es nur bei zwei Klinikpatienten zu einer größeren Blutung.

Schlussfolgerung:

Die Ergebnisse dieser nichtinterventionellen Beobachtungsstudie zeigen, dass eine Primärprophylaxe mit Enoxaparin 40 mg bei ambulanten nichtchirurgischen Patienten ebenso verträglich ist wie bei stationären.

Abstract

Purpose:

The efficacy and safety of enoxaparin 40 mg in the prevention of thromboembolic events have been examined in immobilized nonsurgical hospitalized patients as well as in the outpatient setting.

Patients and Methods:

800 outpatients from 275 sites and 381 patients from 80 hospitals with an acute medical illness leading to a reduced physical activity were enrolled in a national, multicenter, noninterventional, observational study. The primary endpoint included all clinical signs of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and/or pulmonary embolism during the prophylaxis and up to 48 h after discontinuation. The patients were treated 9–14 days on average.

Results:

There were few differences between the inpatients and the outpatients with respect to reduced mobility. However, the proportion of patients with infectious diseases was much higher in outpatients (53.8%) than in hospitalized patients (37.5%). The incidences of diseases of the musculoskeletal system (outpatients 20.9% vs. inpatients 7.3%) and acute congestive heart failure (outpatients 16.5% vs. inpatients 25.1%) were not balanced. During the observational period, primary endpoints were detected as clinical signs of a DVT in two outpatients aged > 65 years (0.3%) and were confirmed by ultrasound. Major bleedings were reported as secondary endpoints in only two hospitalized patients.

Conclusion:

The results of this noninterventional study show that a primary prophylaxis with enoxaparin 40 mg in nonsurgical outpatients shows a similar safety profile compared to hospitalized medically ill patients.

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Correspondence to Knut Kröger.

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Kröger, K. Prophylaxe der tiefen Beinvenenthrombose mit Enoxaparin 40 mg bei ambulanten und stationären internistischen Patienten. Med Klin 104, 608–613 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-009-1132-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-009-1132-5

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