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Herzklappenerkrankungen

Wie aufgeklärt ist die deutsche Bevölkerung?

Heart valve disesases

How sufficient is the knowledge of the German population?

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Zusammenfassung

Um das Bewusstsein der Bevölkerung hinsichtlich verschiedener Erkrankungen zu evaluieren, wurden insgesamt 1446 Personen ab einem Alter von 60 Jahren aus 14 verschiedenen deutschen Städten befragt. Besonderer Fokus lag auf Herzklappenerkrankungen und im Speziellen auf der Aortenklappenstenose (AS). Während die meisten Befragten (25,2 %) v. a. Angst vor einem Krebsleiden schilderten, äußerten nur 3,3 % Bedenken hinsichtlich Herzklappenerkrankungen. Zu diesen sind die Kenntnisse weitgehend limitiert: Nur 7,4 % der Teilnehmer gaben an, allgemein über Herzklappenerkrankungen informiert zu sein, 12,5 % konnten das Krankheitsbild der AS korrekt beschreiben. Immerhin 35,0 % der Teilnehmer benannten die Anzahl der menschlichen Herzklappen korrekt. 71,6 % der Befragten war zumindest eine Therapieoption der AS bekannt, und 30,6 % waren mit der perkutanen Aortenklappenimplantation (TAVI) vertraut. Nachdem die Befragten eine kurze Aufklärung über die Prävalenz, die Symptome und den Verlauf der AS erhalten hatten, stieg die Besorgnis hinsichtlich der AS bei 45,6 %. 15,7 % der Teilnehmer wünschten sich hiernach, mehr über das Krankheitsbild der AS zu erfahren, 4,7 % erkannten die typischen Krankheitssymptome bei sich selbst. Für nähere Informationen würden hierbei die meisten der Teilnehmer das Gespräch mit einem Facharzt (77,2 %) bzw. mit ihrem Hausarzt (43,2 %) oder das Internet (29,7 %) präferieren. Trotz der hohen Prävalenz sowie der hohen Morbiditäts- und Mortalitätsrate ist die deutsche Bevölkerung offensichtlich nicht ausreichend über die AS sowie deren Behandlungsmöglichkeiten aufgeklärt. Aufklärungskampagnen zur Förderung des Bewusstseins für die AS sollten initiiert werden, um eine frühzeitige Diagnostik und somit eine rechtzeitige Therapie zu ermöglichen.

Abstract

To evaluate the awareness and knowledge of the German population regarding diseases in general, a survey of 1446 people aged 60 years or older was conducted in 14 German towns. The focus was on heart valve diseases with special emphasis on aortic valve stenosis (AS). While cancer was the disease that respondents were most concerned about (25.2%), only 3.3% were concerned about heart valve diseases. In this respect, the knowledge was broadly limited: only 7.4% of participants claimed to have some familiarity with heart valve diseases and only 12.5% could correctly describe the symptoms of AS. Even so, 35.0% of the participants could correctly name the number of human heart valves, 71.6% knew at least one therapy option for AS and 30.6% were familiar with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). After providing a brief clarification of the prevalence, symptoms and course of AS, 45.6% of respondents were more concerned about the condition, 15.7% wanted to know more about the symptoms of AS and 4.7% even recognized the typical symptoms in themselves. Most of the participants would like to seek more information preferably in discussion with a specialist physician (77.2%), with their general practitioner (43.2%) or using the internet (29.7%). Despite its high prevalence, high morbidity and mortality, the vast majority of the German population were neither concerned nor fully aware of treatment options for AS. There is a strong case for public awareness campaigns that provide better knowledge of AS, and support check-ups that enable timely treatment and the avoidance of unnecessary hospitalization and death.

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Förderung

Der Heart Valve Disease Awareness Survey wurde durch Opinion Matters durchgeführt und durch Edwards Lifesciences finanziert.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abt. f. Kardiologie, St.-Johannes-Hospital, Johannesstraße 9–17, 44137, Dortmund, Deutschland

    L. Gaede, J. Blumenstein &  H. Möllmann

  2. Herzzentrum, Abt. f. Kardiologie, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Bad Nauheim, Deutschland

    C. Liebetrau, W.-K. Kim & C. Hamm

  3. Medizinische Klinik I, Abt. f. Kardiologie und Angiologie, Universität Gießen, Gießen, Deutschland

    C. Liebetrau, O. Dörr, W.-K. Kim, C. Hamm & H. Nef

  4. Abt. f. Kardiologie, Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Deutschland

    A. Elsässer

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  1. L. Gaede
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  7. A. Elsässer
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  8. H. Nef
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  9. H. Möllmann
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Correspondence to H. Möllmann.

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Interessenkonflikt

L. Gaede, J. Blumenstein, C. Liebetrau, O. Dörr, W.-K. Kim, C Hamm, A. Elsässer, H. Nef und H. Möllmann geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Gaede, L., Blumenstein, J., Liebetrau, C. et al. Herzklappenerkrankungen. Herz 44, 161–169 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-017-4632-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-017-4632-8

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