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Weingenuss und Prävention der koronaren Herzkrankheit

Wine consumption and prevention of coronary artery disease

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Zusammenfassung

Es besteht eine J‑förmige Korrelation zwischen der täglich konsumierten Alkoholmenge und dem Sterblichkeitsrisiko sowie eine inverse Korrelation zwischen der täglich konsumierten Alkoholmenge und der kardiovaskulären Sterblichkeit. Diese Korrelation besteht unabhängig von der Art des alkoholischen Getränks, das vornehmlich konsumiert wird. Mögliche Mechanismen, über die die kardioprotektiven antiatherosklerotischen Effekte mäßigen Alkoholkonsums erklärt werden können, sind eine Hemmung der Thrombozytenaggregation, eine Erhöhung der HDL („high-density lipoprotein“)-Plasmaspiegel und eine Prävention des Diabetes mellitus. Über die beiden zuletzt genannten Mechanismen können auch direkte antiatherosklerotische Effekte von Alkoholkonsum erklärt werden. Diesen günstigen Effekten stehen nicht unerhebliche schädliche Wirkungen von Alkohol gegenüber, weshalb Alkoholkonsum nicht generell als kardiovaskuläres Präventivum empfohlen werden kann.

Abstract

There is a J-shaped correlation between the amount of alcohol consumed per day and overall mortality risk and an inverse correlation between the amount of alcohol consumed per day and cardiovascular mortality. The evidence is stronger for men than for women. The correlations are independent of the type of alcoholic beverage predominantly consumed. Possible mechanisms explaining the cardioprotective, antiatherosclerotic effects of moderate alcohol consumption are inhibition of platelet aggregation, increase in serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and prevention of diabetes mellitus. The two latter mechanisms can also explain a delayed progression of atherosclerosis due to alcohol consumption. The beneficial effects are counteracted by detrimental effects of alcohol on the incidence of cancer diseases, liver cirrhosis, violence and accidents; therefore, alcohol consumption in general cannot be recommended for prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Marienkrankenhaus Soest, Widumgasse 5, 59494, Soest, Deutschland

    M. Flesch, S. Morbach & D. Bulut

  2. Klinik III für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland

    E. Erdmann

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  1. M. Flesch
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  2. S. Morbach
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  3. E. Erdmann
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  4. D. Bulut
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Correspondence to M. Flesch.

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Interessenkonflikt

M. Flesch, S. Morbach, E. Erdmann und D. Bulut geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Der Erstautor, Prof. Dr. Markus Flesch, ist Vorsitzender des Wissenschaftlichen Beirates der Deutschen Weinakademie.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Flesch, M., Morbach, S., Erdmann, E. et al. Weingenuss und Prävention der koronaren Herzkrankheit. Herz 41, 469–477 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-016-4467-8

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