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Genetics and metabolic cardiomyopathies

Genetik und metabolische Kardiomyopathien

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Abstract

Metabolic disorders encompass a heterogeneous group of conditions that commonly affect the heart and contribute adversely to cardiovascular outcomes. As the heart is a metabolically active organ, inborn errors in metabolism (IEMs) often present with cardiac manifestations such as cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, and valvular dysfunction. More than 40 IEMs are reported to cause cardiomyopathy, including fatty acid oxidation defects, glycogen, lysosomal and perioxisome storage diseases, mitochondrial cardiomyopathies, organic acidaemias, aminoacidopathies and congenital disorders of glycosylation. Studies suggest that IEM account for only 5% of cardiomyopathies; however, their diagnosis is imperative to enable the effective institution of disease-specific management strategies. This review describes the more common genetic defects that affect metabolic pathways and give rise to heart muscle disease.

Zusammenfassung

Metabolische Störungen üben in der Regel einen negativen Einfluss auf das Herz-Kreislauf-System aus. Dies gilt für angeborene Störungen umso mehr. Sie zeigen sich klinisch als Kardiomyopathien, Rhythmusstörungen oder Herzklappenerkrankungen. Mehr als 40 angeborene Stoffwechselstörungen sind inzwischen bekannt. Zu ihnen gehören Störungen der Fettsäureoxidation, Glykogen-, lysosomale und peroxisomale Speichererkrankungen, mitochondriale Kardiomypathien, Azidämien, Aminoazidopathien sowie Störungen der Glykosylierung. Obgleich die angeborenen metabolischen Störungen nur 5% der Kardiomyopathien ausmachen, ist es unverzichtbar, sie zu erkennen, damit eine krankheitspezifische Behandlung vorgenommen werden kann. Die häufigsten Formen werden in diesem Beitrag beschrieben.

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On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Heart Hospital, 16–18 Westmoreland Street, W1G 8PH, London, UK

    E.C. Wicks &  P.M. Elliott

  2. University College London, London, UK

    P.M. Elliott

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  1. E.C. Wicks
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Correspondence to P.M. Elliott.

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Wicks, E., Elliott, P. Genetics and metabolic cardiomyopathies. Herz 37, 598–611 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-012-3659-0

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