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Management of Patients with Suspected (Peri-)Myocarditis and Inflammatory Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Management von Myokarditis und inflammatorischer dilatativer Kardiomyopathie

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Abstract

Inflammatory cardiomyopathy and myocarditis are considered acquired forms of dilated cardiomyopathy. Whereas consensus documents on the diagnosis of myocarditis and perimyocarditis do exist, guidelines on the specific treatment have been established only for the management of pericardial diseases, which at least partly can be applied in analogy to myocarditis. Presently, feasible clinical pathways are available, which can lead to a correct diagnosis and specific treatment. This is illustrated with two cases of fulminant myocarditis, in one with successful diagnosis and treatment of a cardiac sarcoid and another one in which diagnostic nihilism led to a lethal outcome in giant cell myocarditis at necropsy. A case of active parvo B19-positive myocarditis demonstrates the role of immunoglobulin treatment under these conditions.

Zusammenfassung

Myokarditis und inflammatorische Kardiomyopathie gehören zu den erworbenen Kardiomyopathieformen. Gegenwärtig gibt es zwar Konsensusdokumente zur adäquaten Diagnostik der Myokarditis sowie eine Leitlinie der European Society of Cardiology zur Perikarditis, aber keine Leitlinien zur Therapie der Myokarditis, so dass wir auf rationale Behandlungspfade in der Betreuung von Patienten mit entzündlichen Myokarderkrankungen angewiesen sind. Der Sinn der Behandlungspfade wird anhand deren erfolgreicher Anwendung bei fulminanter Myokarditis und Herzsarkoidose sowie einer mit i.v. Immunglobulinen behandelten Parvo-B19-assoziierten Myokarditis illustriert. Diagnostischer Nihilismus führte in einem weiteren Fall erst post mortem zur korrekten Diagnose.

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Correspondence to Bernhard Maisch MD, FESC, FACC.

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Maisch, B., Richter, A., Koelsch, S. et al. Management of Patients with Suspected (Peri-)Myocarditis and Inflammatory Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Herz 31, 881–890 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-006-2941-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-006-2941-4

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