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Effects of functional orthopedic treatment on mandibular trabecular bone in class II patients using fractal analysis

Auswirkungen einer funktionellen orthopädischen Behandlung auf Trabekelknochen im Unterkiefer von Klasse-II-Patienten anhand einer Fraktalanalyse

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effects of functional orthopedic treatment on mandibular bone structure using fractal dimension (FD) analysis of panoramic radiographs.

Methods

The study material consisted of the pre- and posttreatment digital panoramic radiographs of 80 patients (mean age 10.1 ± 2.01 years; 45 girls, 35 boys) with class II malocclusion who were treated with the monoblock or twin block appliances. The following regions of interest (ROI) were selected: ROI1, condylar process; ROI2, angulus mandibulae; ROI3, corpus mandibulae; and ROI4, mental foramen. Pre- and posttreatment FD values were compared for each ROI.

Results

FD values of the mandibular condyle did not change with the functional orthodontic treatment. FD values of the mandibular corpus region had the highest pretreatment values and significantly decreased with treatment (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Functional orthopedic treatment altered the trabeculation of the mandibular bone, but it is speculated that the changes in the occlusal forces seemed to be of primary significance for this effect.

Zusammenfassung

Zielsetzung

Ziel dieser retrospektiven Studie war es, die Auswirkungen einer funktionellen kieferorthopädischen Behandlung auf die Knochenstruktur des Unterkiefers anhand der Analyse der fraktalen Dimension (FD) von Panoramaröntgenaufnahmen zu untersuchen.

Methoden

Das Material für die Studie bestand aus den digitalen Panoramabildern vor und nach der Behandlung von 80 Patienten (Durchschnittsalter 10,1 ± 2,01 Jahre; 45 Mädchen, 35 Jungen) mit Klasse-II-Malokklusion, die mit Monoblock- bzw. Twin-Block-Geräten behandelt worden waren. Als ROI („regions of interest“) wurden ausgewählt: ROI1, Kondylenfortsatz; ROI2, Angulus mandibulae; ROI3, Corpus mandibulae; und ROI4, Foramen mentale. Die FD-Werte vor und nach der Behandlung wurden für jede ROI verglichen.

Ergebnisse

Die FD-Werte der Unterkieferkondylen änderten sich durch die funktionskieferorthopädische Behandlung nicht. Die FD-Werte im Bereich des Unterkieferkorpus wiesen die höchsten Werte vor der Behandlung auf und nahmen mit der Behandlung signifikant ab (p < 0,05).

Schlussfolgerung

Die funktionskieferorthopädische Behandlung veränderte die Trabekulierung des Unterkieferknochens, doch es wird vermutet, dass die Veränderungen der Okklusionskräfte für diesen Effekt von primärer Bedeutung zu sein scheinen.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Başak Oğuz for the statistical analysis.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey

    Esra Bolat Gümüş DDS PhD &  Cansu Tufekci DDS

  2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey

    Esra Yavuz DDS

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  1. Esra Bolat Gümüş DDS PhD
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by E. Bolat Gümüş, E. Yavuz, and C. Tufekci. The first draft of the manuscript was written by E. Bolat Gümüş and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Conceptualization and Methodology: E. Bolat Gümüş; Formal analysis and investigation: E. Bolat Gümüş, E. Yavuz, C. Tufekci; Writing—original draft preparation: E. Bolat Gümüş, E. Yavuz, C. Tufekci; Writing—review and editing: E. Bolat Gümüş, E. Yavuz, C. Tufekci; Supervision: E. Bolat Gümüş.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Esra Bolat Gümüş DDS PhD.

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Conflict of interest

E. Bolat Gümüş, E. Yavuz and C. Tufekci declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical standards

This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine (Approval Date and No.: 08 July 2020, 508). The study material was selected from the archives of the Akdeniz University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics. Informed consent: Not applicable.

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Bolat Gümüş, E., Yavuz, E. & Tufekci, C. Effects of functional orthopedic treatment on mandibular trabecular bone in class II patients using fractal analysis. J Orofac Orthop 84 (Suppl 3), 155–164 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-022-00397-4

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