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Anal vein thrombosis—excise or nothing

Analvenenthrombose – Exzision als Therapie der Wahl

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coloproctology Aims and scope

Abstract

Purpose

The recurrence rates of excision, incision, and conservative treatments following anal vein thrombosis (AVT) are unclear. We compared the efficacy of treatment methods using Kaplan–Meier statistics. Our null hypothesis H0 is that incision of AVT gives as good results as surgical excision in terms of recurrence-free outcome.

Methods

One hundred fifty patients treated in a single hospital in northern Germany from 2013 to 2017 were interviewed and their data analysed.

Results

While recurrence-free outcome was about 22% following conservative treatment and 21% for incisional treatment, only surgical excision enabled recurrence-free outcome (86%) 4 years following surgery. While conservative and incisional therapy did not differ statistically, excision was significantly better than both of those treatments (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Our null hypothesis H0 that incision of AVT gives as good results as surgical excision in terms of recurrence free outcome was rejected. Incision of AVT should be abandoned, as it is painful, useless, and associated with a high recurrence rate as a conservative treatment in four of five patients. Surgical excision is the only method that enables significant recurrence-free outcome and should be used as the treatment of choice.

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Rezidivraten von Exzision, Inzision und konservativer Therapie der Analvenenthrombose (AVT) sind unklar. In diesem Beitrag wird die Behandlungseffizienz dieser Behandlungsmethoden unter Zuhilfenahme der Kaplan-Meier-Statistik verglichen. Unsere Nullhypothese H0 postuliert, dass die Inzision der AVT eine vergleichbar niedrige Rezidivrate erzielen kann wie die chirurgische Exzision.

Methoden

Bei 150 Patienten wurden in einem Norddeutschen Krankenhaus zwischen 2013 und 2017 Telefoninterviews durchgeführt und deren Daten analysiert.

Ergebnisse

Während die Rezidivfreiheit bei konservativer Behandlung 22 % und nach Inzision 21 % betrug, konnte nur die chirurgische Exzision eine postoperative Rezidivfreiheit von 86 % nach 4 Jahren erreichen. Während die konservative und die inzisionelle Therapie sich statistisch nicht unterschieden, erwies sich die chirurgische Exzision als statistisch signifikant besser als die beiden anderen Behandlungen (p > 0,001).

Schlussfolgerung

Die Null-Hypothese H0, welche postulierte, dass die Inzision der AVT eine vergleichbar niedrige Rezidivrate erzielen könne wie die chirurgische Exzision, muss zurückgewiesen werden. Die Inzision der Analvenenthrombose sollte nicht mehr durchgeführt werden, da sie schmerzhaft, sinnlos und bei vier von fünf Patienten mit einer ähnlich hohen Rezidivrate assoziiert ist wie die konservative Behandlung. Die chirurgische Exzision ist die einzige Methode, die ein rezidivfreies Ergebnis über Jahre sicherstellen kann, daher sollte sie zukünftig die Behandlungsmethode der Wahl darstellen.

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Correspondence to D. Doll.

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Conflict of interest

J. Ostendorf, P. Vassiliu, K. Kühling, I. Massalis, M.M. Luedi, and D. Doll declare that they have no conflict of interest. There are no other relevant or minor financial relationships between authors, their relatives or next of kin, and external companies.

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1975 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The Helsinki Declaration, last updated Oct 2008, declares that ethical approval for all interventional studies is required. This retrospective study does not influece any intervention, and documents world wide well known long term established treatment results. Thus formal Committee application is not required.

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Ostendorf, J., Vassiliu, P., Kühling, K. et al. Anal vein thrombosis—excise or nothing. coloproctology 42, 493–498 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00053-019-0381-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00053-019-0381-x

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