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A novel sight of the primary active compounds from Umbelliferae: focusing on mitochondria

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Abstract

Mitochondria perform diverse interconnected functions, participating in energy metabolism, oxidative stress, calcium hemostasis, and apoptosis. It is therefore not surprising that mitochondria have emerged as a key factor in a series of chronic diseases, including metabolic diseases, cerebro-cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, which are regarded as the new global health challenge. The family Umbelliferae enjoys an important medicinal status. Given the growing body of evidence about the close connection between Chinese herbs from the family Umbelliferae and mitochondria-related diseases, more attention is paid to elucidate the role of mitochondria in it. The review generalizes three classes of active compounds of Umbelliferae taking ten commonly-used herbs as an example, they are coumarins, phthalides, and phenolic acids respectively. Moreover, when it comes to the underlying mechanisms of these compounds to mitochondria-related diseases, we highlight the change of mitochondria-related enzymes, regulatory proteins, ions, signaling molecules, and so on. In conclusion, we propose a promising drug-designing strategy, mitochondria-targeted drugs referring to natural compounds of Umbelliferae that themselves are able to improve the mitochondrial environment.

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Abbreviations

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

NAFLD:

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

TCA:

tricarboxylic acid cycle

OXPHOS:

oxidative phosphorylation

CS:

citrate synthase

ICDH:

isocitrate dehydrogenase

α-KGDHC:

α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

ETC:

electron transport chain

SDH:

succinate dehydrogenase

MMP:

mitochondrial membrane potential

Opa1:

optic atrophy 1

Mfn1:

mitofusin 1

Mfn2:

mitofusin 2

DRP1:

dynamin-related protein 1

Fis1:

mitochondrial fission 1 protein

AMPK:

monophosphate-activated protein kinase

SIRT1:

sirtuins 1

PPARγ:

peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ

PCG-1α:

peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ coactivator-1α

MPTP:

mitochondrial permeability transition pore

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

GSH-Px:

glutathione peroxidase

CAT:

catalase

Nrf2:

nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2

HO-1:

Heme Oxygenase-1

MCU:

mitochondrial calcium uniporter

Cyt c :

cytochrome c

Smac:

second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase

AIF:

apoptosis inducing factor

Endo G:

Endonuclease G

MOMP:

mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization

HFD:

high-fat diet

STZ:

streptozotocin

GLUT4:

glucose transporter type 4

ACC:

acetyl-CoA carboxylase

FAS:

fatty acid synthase

SCD-1:

stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1

SREBP-1:

sterol-regulatory element binding proteins-1

OGD:

glucose and oxygen deprivation

MDH:

malate dehydrogenase

NRF-1:

nuclear respiratory factor-1

TFAM:

mitochondrial transcription factor A

AD:

Alzheimer’s Diseases

PD:

Parkinson Diseases

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (No: 19ZR1457700).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmcy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China

    Luping Yang, Ni Ni & Lan Shen

  2. Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Health Services, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China

    Yanlong Hong

  3. Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China

    Lan Shen

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Yang, L., Ni, N., Hong, Y. et al. A novel sight of the primary active compounds from Umbelliferae: focusing on mitochondria. Med Chem Res 31, 217–231 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-021-02822-6

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