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Child labour and health: a systematic review

International Journal of Public Health volume 63, pages 663–672 (2018)Cite this article

Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to synthesise the available knowledge, identify unexplored areas and discuss general limits of the published evidence. We focused on outcomes commonly hypothesised to be affected by child labour: nutritional status, harmful exposures and injuries.

Methods

Four electronic databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, ISI Web of Science) were searched in November 2017. All articles published since 1996, without restrictions on language, were considered for inclusion.

Results

Out of the 1090 abstracts initially identified by the search, 78 articles were selected for inclusion and reviewed. Most of the studies were conducted in Asia and South America, and only a third of them compared working children to a control group of non-working children. Child labour appears to be associated with poor nutritional status, diseases due to harmful exposures, and a higher prevalence of injuries.

Conclusions

Despite evidence for a negative relation between child work and health, the cross-sectional design of most studies limits the causal interpretation of existing findings. More rigorous observational studies are needed to confirm and better quantify these associations.

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Funding

This study was founded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Operating Grant, “Examining the impact of social policies on health equity” (ROH-115209), the Foundation Grant “Development epidemiology: identifying evidence-based interventions for improving population health and promoting health equity (FRN 148467), and the Canada Research Chairs program.

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  1. Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Purvis Hall 1020 Pine Avenue, West Montreal, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada

    Brice Lionel Batomen Kuimi, Oduro Oppong-Nkrumah, Jay Kaufman, Jose Ignacio Nazif-Munoz & Arijit Nandi

  2. Institute for Health and Social Policy, Meredith Charles House, 1130 Pine Avenue, West Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada

    Oduro Oppong-Nkrumah, Jay Kaufman, Jose Ignacio Nazif-Munoz & Arijit Nandi

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  1. Brice Lionel Batomen Kuimi
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Batomen Kuimi, B.L., Oppong-Nkrumah, O., Kaufman, J. et al. Child labour and health: a systematic review. Int J Public Health 63, 663–672 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-018-1075-9

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