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Quantitative risk assessment of human salmonellosis in the smallholder pig value chains in urban of Vietnam

  • Original Article
  • Published:
International Journal of Public Health

Abstract

Objectives

To quantify salmonellosis risk in humans through consumption of boiled pork in urban Hung Yen Province, Vietnam, using a quantitative microbial risk assessment.

Methods

We collected 302 samples along the pork value chain in Hung Yen between April 2014 and February 2015. We developed a model in @Risk, based on microbiological, market, and household surveys on cooking, cross-contamination and consumption, and conducted sensitivity analysis.

Results

Salmonella prevalence of pen floor swabs, slaughterhouse carcasses and cut pork were 33.3, 41.7 and 44.4%, respectively. The annual incidence rate of salmonellosis in humans was estimated to be 17.7% (90% CI 0.89–45.96). Parameters with the greatest influence risk were household pork handling practice followed by prevalence in pork sold in the central market. Wide confidence interval in the incidence estimate was mainly due to the variability in the degree of reduction in bacteria concentration by cooking, and pork consumption pattern.

Conclusions

The risk of salmonellosis in humans due to boiled pork consumption appears to be high. Control measures may include improving the safety of retailed pork and improving household hygiene.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the collaborations of colleagues from Vietnam National University of Agriculture (Vietnam) in conducting field works and facilitation of the study. We thank all the farmers, slaughterhouse and pork stall owners for their help. Staff from the National Institute of Veterinary Research, veterinary hygiene group is acknowledged for their microbial analysis work. We thank Mr. Nguyen Tien Thanh and Nguyen Duy Tien for their assistance. This study was conducted under the project: “Reducing disease risks and improving food safety in smallholder pig value chains in Vietnam” (PigRISK), and funded by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) and the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), Research Program Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Public Health and Ecosystem Research, Hanoi University of Public Health, 1A Duc Thang Road, Duc Thang Ward, North Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Sinh Dang-Xuan, Phuc Pham-Duc & Ngan Tran-Thi

  2. International Livestock Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Hung Nguyen-Viet, Fred Unger & Max Barot

  3. International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya

    Delia Grace & Kohei Makita

  4. National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Ngoc Pham-Thi

  5. Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan

    Kohei Makita

Authors
  1. Sinh Dang-Xuan
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  2. Hung Nguyen-Viet
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  3. Fred Unger
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  4. Phuc Pham-Duc
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  5. Delia Grace
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  6. Ngan Tran-Thi
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  7. Max Barot
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  8. Ngoc Pham-Thi
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  9. Kohei Makita
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sinh Dang-Xuan.

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Funding

This study was a part of PigRISK project funded by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) (Grant Number: LPS/2010/047) and the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), Research Program Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH).

Conflict of interest

All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. All authors were involved in the writing of the manuscript and have approved the final version for publication.

Ethical approval

Ethical approval for this study was obtained from Institutional Review Board of the Hanoi School of Public Health (No. 148/2012/YTCC-HD3). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Additional information

This article is part of the supplement “Health and social determinants of health in Vietnam: local evidence and international implications”.

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Dang-Xuan, S., Nguyen-Viet, H., Unger, F. et al. Quantitative risk assessment of human salmonellosis in the smallholder pig value chains in urban of Vietnam. Int J Public Health 62 (Suppl 1), 93–102 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-016-0921-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-016-0921-x

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