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Adaptive Time Delay Estimation Based on Signal Preprocessing and Fourth-Order Cumulant

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Abstract

To address the problem that the traditional generalized cross-correlation (GCC) method has poor delay estimation accuracy in the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environment or complex noise background, an adaptive time delay estimation algorithm based on signal preprocessing and fourth-order cumulant is proposed. We first preprocess the noisy signal using singular value decomposition and wavelet denoising. Next, we use an improved variable step-size least mean square algorithm based on multi-scale wavelet transform to iteratively operate on the one-dimensional slice of fourth-order cumulant. Finally, we derive the time delay from the peak offset of the filter weight coefficient. The simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms the GCC method and the fourth-order cumulant GCC method in Gaussian non-correlated noise, Gaussian correlated noise, and non-Gaussian noise backgrounds, achieving relatively accurate estimation results even in a low SNR environment. This technique could offer a new approach for detecting weak signals and passively locating small targets in ocean exploration.

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Funding

This research was supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Numbers 41906005, 41705081, National Key Research and Development Project of China under Grant Numbers 2017YFB0202701, and National Basic Research Program of China under Grant Number 2019-JCJQ-ZD-149-00.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Naval Submarine Academy, Qingdao, 266199, China

    Baoheng Liu, Xiaochuan Zhang & Shuyang Jia

  2. Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China

    Baoheng Liu, Xiaochuan Zhang, Shuyang Jia, Sichen Zou & Deyan Tian

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  1. Baoheng Liu
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  2. Xiaochuan Zhang
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  3. Shuyang Jia
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  4. Sichen Zou
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  5. Deyan Tian
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Contributions

Conceptualization, BL and XZ; methodology, BL; software, BL; validation, SJ; formal analysis, SZ; data curation, DT; writing—original draft preparation, BL; writing—review and editing, BL; all authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Baoheng Liu.

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Liu, B., Zhang, X., Jia, S. et al. Adaptive Time Delay Estimation Based on Signal Preprocessing and Fourth-Order Cumulant. Circuits Syst Signal Process 42, 6160–6181 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-023-02390-7

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