Skip to main content
Log in

Physical characteristics of Acidic Mining Lake 111

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Aquatic Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Measurements of physical properties have been conducted in Mining Lake 111 (ML111), located in Lusatia, Germany over the time period 1996–2002. In the deepest area of the ML111, a monimolimnion was observed, that persisted for the years 1996–1999. It disappeared in 2000 and again formed in 2001. The definition of the main physical properties, such as the temperature compensation for electrical conductivity, in acidic mining lakes required a lake specific approach. The relation between conductivity, temperature and density was determined for the acidic ML111. The variation in dissolved substances affected these relationships such that conductivity varied with temperature even in different layers of the water column and the limitations for a lake wide correlation was evident. Variation in the conductivity of the epilimnion could be verified, and agreed with the estimates of evaporation from the lake surface during summer stratification. Calculations, following the gradient flux method, indicated vertical transport coefficients between 10–7 and 10–6m2/s throughout the hypolimnion. The heat budget indicated that heat was transferred into the lake bed or the ground during spring.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gökay Karakas.

Additional information

Received: 24 January 2003; revised manuscript accepted: 12 June 2003

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Karakas, G., Brookland, I. & Boehrer, B. Physical characteristics of Acidic Mining Lake 111. Aquat. Sci. 65, 297–307 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-003-0651-z

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-003-0651-z

Navigation