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Monitoring Velocity Changes Caused By Underground Coal Mining Using Seismic Noise

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Abstract

We use passive seismic interferometry to monitor temporal variations of seismic wave velocities at the area of underground coal mining named Jas-Mos in Poland. Ambient noise data were recorded continuously for 42 days by two three-component broadband seismometers deployed at the ground surface. The sensors are about 2.8 km apart, and we measure the temporal velocity changes between them using cross-correlation techniques. Using causal and acausal parts of nine-component cross-correlation functions (CCFs) with a stretching technique, we obtain seismic velocity changes in the frequency band between 0.6 and 1.2 Hz. The nine-component CCFs are useful to stabilize estimation of velocity changes. We discover correlation between average velocity changes and seismic events induced by mining. Especially after an event occurred between the stations, the velocity decreased about 0.4 %. Based on this study, we conclude that we can monitor the changes of seismic velocities, which are related to stiffness, effective stress, and other mechanical properties at subsurface, caused by mining activities even with a few stations.

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Acknowledgments

This article was prepared as a result of the LOFRES Project No PBS1/A2/13/2013 performed within the 1st call of the Applied Research Programme co-financed by the National Centre for Research and Development in Poland. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for valuable comments and discussions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Wybickiego 7, 31-261, Krakow, Poland

    Rafał Czarny, Henryk Marcak & Zenon Pilecki

  2. Department of Geophysics, Stanford University, 397 Panama Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Nori Nakata

  3. Institute of Innovative Technologies EMAG, Leopolda 31, 30-189, Katowice, Poland

    Zbigniew Isakow

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  1. Rafał Czarny
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  2. Henryk Marcak
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  3. Nori Nakata
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  4. Zenon Pilecki
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  5. Zbigniew Isakow
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Correspondence to Rafał Czarny.

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Czarny, R., Marcak, H., Nakata, N. et al. Monitoring Velocity Changes Caused By Underground Coal Mining Using Seismic Noise. Pure Appl. Geophys. 173, 1907–1916 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-015-1234-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-015-1234-3

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