Analysis of Variable-Step/Non-autonomous Artificial Compression Methods

Abstract

A standard artificial compression (AC) method for incompressible flow is

$$\begin{aligned}&\frac{u_{n+1}^{\varepsilon }-u_{n}^{\varepsilon }}{k}+u_{n+1}^{\varepsilon }\cdot \nabla u_{n+1}^{\varepsilon }+{\frac{1}{2}}u_{n+1}^{\varepsilon }\nabla \cdot u_{n+1}^{\varepsilon }+\nabla p_{n+1}^{\varepsilon }-\nu \Delta u_{n+1}^{\varepsilon }=f\text { ,} \\&\quad \varepsilon \frac{p_{n+1}^{\varepsilon }-p_{n}^{\varepsilon }}{k} +\nabla \cdot u_{n+1}^{\varepsilon }=0 \end{aligned}$$

for, typically, $\varepsilon =k$ (timestep). It is fast, efficient and stable with accuracy $O(\varepsilon +k)$. For adaptive (and thus variable) timestep $k_{n}$ (and thus $\varepsilon =\varepsilon _{n}$) its long time stability is unknown. For variable $k,\varepsilon$ this report shows how to adapt a standard AC method to recover a provably stable method. For the associated continuum AC model, we prove convergence of the $\varepsilon =\varepsilon (t)$ artificial compression model to a weak solution of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations as $\varepsilon =\varepsilon (t)\rightarrow 0$. The analysis is based on space-time Strichartz estimates for a non-autonomous acoustic equation. Variable $\varepsilon ,k$ numerical tests in 2d and 3d are given for the new AC method.