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SWI/SNF-directed stem cell lineage specification: dynamic composition regulates specific stages of skeletal myogenesis

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Abstract

SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes are key regulators of the epigenetic modifications that determine whether stem cells maintain pluripotency or commit toward specific lineages through development and during postnatal life. Dynamic combinatorial assembly of multiple variants of SWI/SNF subunits is emerging as the major determinant of the functional versatility of SWI/SNF. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the structural and functional properties of the alternative SWI/SNF complexes that direct stem cell fate toward skeletal muscle lineage and control distinct stages of skeletal myogenesis. In particular, we will refer to recent evidence pointing to the essential role of two SWI/SNF components not expressed in embryonic stem cells—the catalytic subunit BRM and the structural component BAF60C—whose induction in muscle progenitors coincides with the expansion of their transcriptional repertoire.

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Acknowledgments

PLP is an Associate Professor in the Sanford Children’s Health Research Center at the Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute (SBMRI) and acknowledges support from the NIH (R01AR056712, R01AR052779, and P30AR061303), from MDA, EPIGEN, FILAS and from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Program in the project FP7-Health—2009 ENDOSTEM 241440. SA was supported by CIRM training fellowship (TG2-01162). PCT is supported by NIH diversity supplement to 5 R01 AR052779. PLP dedicates this work to the memory of Dr Piccinelli, president of Fondazione Sovena, which has been supporting research in Puri’s lab.

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  1. Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10905 Road to the Cure, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA

    Paula Coutinho Toto, Pier Lorenzo Puri & Sonia Albini

  2. IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00143, Rome, Italy

    Pier Lorenzo Puri

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  1. Paula Coutinho Toto
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Correspondence to Pier Lorenzo Puri or Sonia Albini.

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Toto, P.C., Puri, P.L. & Albini, S. SWI/SNF-directed stem cell lineage specification: dynamic composition regulates specific stages of skeletal myogenesis. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 73, 3887–3896 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-016-2273-3

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