Skip to main content
Log in

A remark on the discriminant of Hill’s equation and Herglotz functions

  • Published:
Archiv der Mathematik Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We establish a link between the basic properties of the discriminant of periodic second-order differential equations and an elementary analysis of Herglotz functions. Some generalizations are presented using the language of self-adjoint extensions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. N. I. Akhiezer and I. M. Glazman, Theory of linear operators in Hilbert space (New York, Dover, 1993).

  2. Yu. Arlinski, S. Belyi, and E. Tsekanovskii, Conservative realizations of Herglotz-Nevanlinna functions (Volume 217 of Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, Birkhäuser, Basel, 2011).

  3. Behrndt J. et al.: Square-integrable solutions and Weyl functions for singular canonical systems. Math. Nachr. 284, 1334–1384 (2011)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Brasche J. F., Malamud M., Neidhardt H.: Weyl functions and spectral properties of self-adjoint extensions, Integr. Eqs. Operator Theory 43, 264–289 (2002)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. B. M. Brown, M. S. P. Eastham, and K. M. Sturm, Periodic differential operators (Volume 230 of Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, Birkhäuser, Basel, 2013).

  6. J. Brüning, P. Exner, and V. A. Geyler, Large gaps in point-coupled periodic systems of manifolds, J. Phys. A 36 (2003), 4875–4890.

    Google Scholar 

  7. J. Brüning, V. Geyler, and K. Pankrashkin, Spectra of self-adjoint extensions and applications to solvable Schrödinger operators, Rev. Math. Phys. 20 (2008), 1–70.

    Google Scholar 

  8. E. A. Coddington and N. Levinson, Theory of ordinary differential equations, McGraw-Hill, New York etc., 1995.

  9. Constantin A: On a stability theorem of Liapunov, Arch. Math. (Basel) 68, 297–299 (1997)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. V. A. Derkach and M. M. Malamud, Generalized resolvents and the boundary value problems for Hermitian operators with gaps, J. Funct. Anal. 95 (1991), 1–95.

    Google Scholar 

  11. P. Djakov and B. Mityagin, Fourier method for one-dimensional Schrödinger operators with singular periodic potentials, In J. A. Ball etc. (Eds.): Topics in operator theory, Volume 2 (Volume 203 of Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, Basel, Birkhäuser, 2010), pp. 195–236.

  12. P. Exner, P. Kuchment, and B. Winn, On the location of spectral edges in \({\mathbb Z}\) -periodic media, J. Phys. A 43 (2010), 474022.

    Google Scholar 

  13. F. Gesztesy et al., Some applications of operator-valued Herglotz functions, In D. Alpay, V. Vinnikov (Eds): Operator theory, system theory and related topics (Volume 123 of Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, Birkhäuser, Basel, 2001), pp. 271–321.

  14. V. I. Gorbachuk and M. L. Gorbachuk. Boundary value problems for operator differential equations (Volume 48 of Mathematics and its Applications: Soviet Series, Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dordrecht etc., 1991).

  15. Haupt O.: Über lineare homogene Differentialgleichungen 2. Ordnung mit periodischen Koeffizienten. Math. Ann. 79, 278–285 (1919)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  16. Hochstadt H.: Functiontheoretic properties of the discriminant of Hill equation, Math. Zeitschr. 82, 237–247 (1963)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Hryniv R.O., Mykytyuk Ya.V.: 1D Schrödinger operators with singular periodic potentials, Meth. Funct. Anal. Topol 7, 31–42 (2001)

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  18. R. Hryniv, A. Shkalikov, and A. Vladimirov, Spectral analysis of periodic differential operator matrices of mixed order, Trans. Moscow Math. Soc. 2002 (2003), 39–75.

  19. E. Korotyaev, Characterization of the spectrum of Schrödinger operators with periodic distributions, Int. Math. Res. Not. (2003), 2019–2031.

  20. M. G. Kreĭn, On the characteristic function A(λ) of a linear canonical system of differential equations of second order with periodic coefficients, Prikl. Mat. Meh. 21 (1957) 320–329, in Russian.

    Google Scholar 

  21. M. G. Kreĭn, The basic propositions of the theory of λ-zones of stability of a system of linear differential equations with periodic coefficients, In Volume in memory of A. A. Andronov (Izdat. Akad. Nauk. SSSR, Moscow, 1955), pp. 413–498, in Russian. English translation in L. J. Leifman (Ed.): Four papers on ordinary differential equations (Volume 120 of Translations of AMS, Series 2, Providence, AMS, 1983), pp. 1–70.

  22. Liapounoff A.: Sur une équation différentielle linéaire du second ordre. C. R. Acad. Sci. 128, 910–913 (1899)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Malamud M. M.: On a formula of the generalized resolvents of a nondensely defined Hermitian operator. Ukrainian Math. J. 44, 1522–1547 (1992)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  24. M. M. Malamud and H. Neidhardt, Perturbation determinants for singular perturbations, Preprint WIAS Berlin no. 1813 (2013). To appear in Russian J. Math. Phys.

  25. L. Marin and H. Schulz-Baldes, Scattering zippers and their spectral theory, J. Spect. Th. 3 (2013), 47–82.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Mikhailets V., Molyboga V.: One-dimensional Schrödinger operators with singular periodic potentials, Meth. Funct. Anal. Topol. 14, 184–200 (2008)

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  27. Pankrashkin K.: Unitary dimension reduction for a class of self-adjoint extensions with applications to graph-like structures, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 396, 640–655 (2012)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  28. K. Schmüdgen, Unbounded self-adjoint operators on Hilbert space (Volume 265 of Graduate Texts in Mathematics, Springer, 2012).

  29. G. Teschl, Ordinary differential equations and dynamical systems (Providence, AMS, 2004).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Konstantin Pankrashkin.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Pankrashkin, K. A remark on the discriminant of Hill’s equation and Herglotz functions. Arch. Math. 102, 155–163 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00013-014-0612-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00013-014-0612-x

Mathematics Subject Classification (2010)

Keywords

Navigation