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Amnion-derived serum amyloid A1 participates in sterile inflammation of fetal membranes at parturition

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Abstract

Objectives

Sterile inflammation of fetal membranes is an indispensable event of normal parturition. However, triggers of sterile inflammation are not fully resolved. Serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) is an acute phase protein produced primarily by the liver. Fetal membranes can also synthesize SAA1 but its functions are not well defined. Given the role of SAA1 in the acute phase response to inflammation, we postulated that SAA1 synthesized in the fetal membranes may be a trigger of local inflammation at parturition.

Methods

The changes of SAA1 abundance in parturition were studied in the amnion of human fetal membranes. The role of SAA1 in chemokine expression and leukocyte chemotaxis was examined in cultured human amnion tissue explants as well as primary human amnion fibroblasts. The effects of SAA1 on monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells were investigated in cells derived from a human leukemia monocytic cell line (THP-1).

Results

SAA1 synthesis increased significantly in human amnion at parturition. SAA1 evoked multiple chemotaxis pathways in human amnion fibroblasts along with upregulation of a series of chemokines via both toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2). Moreover, SAA1-conditioned medium of cultured amnion fibroblasts was capable of chemoattracting virtually all types of mononuclear leukocytes, particularly monocytes and dendritic cells, which reconciled with the chemotactic activity of conditioned medium of cultured amnion tissue explants collected from spontaneous labor. Furthermore, SAA1 could induce the expression of genes associated with inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling in monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells derived from THP-1.

Conclusions

SAA1 is a trigger of sterile inflammation of the fetal membranes at parturition.

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Data availability statement

The RNA-Seq data of the amnion tissue obtained from TL and TNL and amnion fibroblasts with or without SAA1 treatment have been submitted to the GEO data repository (GSE166453 and GSE217734).

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Li-jun Ling and Lu-yao Wang for assistance with sample collection. This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81830042, 82271717); National Key R & D Program of China (2022YFC2704602); and Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai (SHSMU-ZLCX20210201).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong university, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Yi-kai Lin, Fan Zhang, Wen-jia Lei, Xiao-wen Gan, Meng-die Li, Fan Pan, Wang-sheng Wang & Kang Sun

  2. Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Yi-kai Lin, Fan Zhang, Wen-jia Lei, Xiao-wen Gan, Meng-die Li, Fan Pan, Wang-sheng Wang & Kang Sun

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K. S. and W.-S. W. conceptualization; K. S. funding acquisition; Y.-K. L., F. Z., W.-J. L., X.-W. G., M.-D. L. and F. P. research investigation and methodology; Y.-K. L. and W.-S. W writing–original draft; K. S. writing–review and editing.

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Lin, Yk., Zhang, F., Lei, Wj. et al. Amnion-derived serum amyloid A1 participates in sterile inflammation of fetal membranes at parturition. Inflamm. Res. 72, 797–812 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-023-01713-3

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