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The association of urinary interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 (IP10/CXCL10) levels with kidney allograft rejection

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Abstract

Background

Interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10/CXCL10) is a chemokine involved in the alloimmune response against kidney allograft. We aimed to investigate the association of urinary CXCL10 protein levels with rejection in renal transplant patients.

Methods

A total of 273 urine samples from (biopsy-proven) rejection and non-rejection patients and controls were included in this study. CXCL10 levels were analyzed for association with rejection.

Results

The data showed statistically significant differences in the CXCL10 levels between rejection vs. non-rejection (p < 0.001). Among the rejection groups, statistically significant differences for CXCL10 levels were found between ACR vs. NAD (p < 0.001), ACR vs. BLR (p = 0.019) and AVR vs. NAD (p = 0.009). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of CXCL10 showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.74 with 72% sensitivity and 71% specificity at 27.5 pg/ml between rejection and non-rejection group. Kaplan–Meier curve analysis among different levels of CXCL10 showed a better rejection-free graft survival in patients with <100 pg/ml when compared to >200 pg/ml (38 ± 6 vs. 12 ± 1.0 weeks; log-rank p < 0.001) and 100–200 pg/ml (38 ± 6 vs. 22 ± 9 weeks; log-rank p = 0.442) concentration.

Conclusion

The results indicate significantly increased levels of CXCL10 protein in the urine at the time of allograft rejection. This association of urinary CXCL10 protein levels with rejection could provide an additional tool for the non-invasive monitoring of allograft rejection.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the patients and their donors who participated in the study and the technical staff of SIUT operation and intensive care unit (ICU) and transplant outpatient department (OPD). This study was supported by a core grant to SIUT.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Centre for Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi, Pakistan

      Ali Raza, Sadaf Firasat, Shagufta Khaliq, Syed Qasim Mehdi & Aiysha Abid

    2. Department of Human Genetics, University of Health Sciences (UHS), Lahore, Pakistan

      Shagufta Khaliq

    3. Department of Urology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi, Pakistan

      Tahir Aziz, Syed Ali Anwar Naqvi & Syed Adib-ul-Hasan Rizvi

    4. Department of Histopathology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi, Pakistan

      Muhammed Mubarak

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    1. Ali Raza
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    Correspondence to Aiysha Abid.

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    Responsible Editor: Andrew Roberts.

    Ali Raza and Sadaf Firasat have contributed equally to this work.

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    Raza, A., Firasat, S., Khaliq, S. et al. The association of urinary interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 (IP10/CXCL10) levels with kidney allograft rejection. Inflamm. Res. 66, 425–432 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-017-1025-7

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