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Identification of macrophage genes responsive to extracellular acidification

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Abstract

Objective

A low pH microenvironment is a characteristic feature of inflammation loci and affects the functions of immune cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of extracellular acidification on macrophage gene expression.

Methods

RAW264.7 macrophages were incubated in neutral (pH 7.4) or acidic (pH 6.8) medium for 4 h. Global mRNA expression levels were determined using Affymetrix genechips.

Results

The mRNA expressions of 353 macrophage genes were significantly modified after incubation in acidic medium; 193 were up-regulated and 160 down-regulated. Differentially regulated genes were grouped into 13 classes based on the functions of the corresponding protein products. Pathway analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes are enriched in pathways related to inflammation and immune responses. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis confirmed that the expressions of CXCL10, CXCL14, IL-18, IL-4RA, ABCA1, CCL4, IL-7R, CXCR4, TLR7, and CCL3 mRNAs were regulated by extracellular acidification.

Conclusion

The results of this study provide insights into the effects of acidic extracellular environments on macrophage gene expression.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (2010-0021626, 2011-0016102); by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (2010-0029206); by the Converging Research Center Program through the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (2010K001054); and by the Brain Korea 21 Project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Medical Institute of Dongguk University, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 780-714, Republic of Korea

    Seung-Yoon Park

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, 101 Dongin-dong, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-422, Republic of Korea

    In-San Kim

  3. Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    In-San Kim

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  1. Seung-Yoon Park
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Correspondence to In-San Kim.

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Responsible Editor: Graham Wallace.

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Park, SY., Kim, IS. Identification of macrophage genes responsive to extracellular acidification. Inflamm. Res. 62, 399–406 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-013-0591-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-013-0591-6

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