Skip to main content
Log in

Fossil flowers and pollen ofLauraceae from the Upper Cretaceous of New Jersey

  • Published:
Plant Systematics and Evolution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A fossil trimerous flower from the Turonian (ca. 90 MYBP, Upper Cretaceous) of New Jersey is described as a new genus in the familyLauraceae. The fossil flower is charcoalified and preserved in exceptional detail. This fossil specimen is particularly remarkable in that several pollen grains have been preserved; pollen grains ofLauraceae generally have very thin exine and are rarely preserved in the fossil record. Although the specimen is incomplete and lacks anthers, there are sufficient structural details preserved to permit an assignment to theLauraceae, as well as comparisons with the tribePerseeae. This new genus provides an important addition to our knowledge of systematic and structural diversity in CretaceousLauraceae.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Brenner, G. J., 1963: The spores and pollen of the Potomac Group of Maryland. — Bull. State of Maryland, Board of Nat. Resources, Dept. of Geology, Mines and Water Resources27: 1–215.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burger, W. C., 1988: A new genus ofLauraceae from Costa Rica, with comments on problems of generic and specific delimitation within the family. — Brittonia40: 275–282.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1990:Lauraceae. — InBurger, W., (Ed.): Flora Costaricensis. — Fieldiana, Bot. new ser.,23: 1–129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conwentz, H., 1886: Die Flora des Bernsteins. 2. Die Angiospermen des Bernsteins. — Danzig: W. Engelmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crepet, W. L., Nixon, K. C., Friis, E. M., Freudenstein, J. V., 1992: Oldest fossil flowers of hamamelidaceous affinity, from the Late Cretaceous of New Jersey. — Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA89: 8986–8989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cronquist, A., 1981: An integrated system of classification of flowering plants. — New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doyle, J. A., Robbins, E. I., 1977: Angiosperm pollen zonation of the continental Cretaceous of the Atlantic Coastal Plain and its application to deep wells in the Salisbury Embayment. Palynology1: 43–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drinnan, A. N., Crane, P. R., Friis, E. M., Pedersen, K. R., 1990: Lauraceous flowers from the Potomac Group (mid-Cretaceous) of eastern North America. — Bot. Gaz.151: 370–384.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erdtman, G., 1952: Pollen morphology and plant taxonomy: angiosperms. — Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harland, W. B., Armstrong, R. L., Cox, A. V., Craig, L. E., Smith, A. G., Smith, D. G., 1989: A geologic time scale. — Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herendeen, P. S., 1991: Lauraceous wood from the mid-Cretaceous Potomac Group of eastern North America:Paraphyllanthoxylon marylandense sp. nov. — Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol.69: 277–290.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1993:Chloranthus-like stamens from the Upper Cretaceous of New Jersey. — Amer. J. Bot.80: 865–871.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hesse, M., Kubitzki, K., 1983: The sporoderm ultrastructure inPersea, Nectandra, Hernandia, Gomortega, and some other lauralean genera. — Pl. Syst. Evol.141: 299–311.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hutchinson, J., 1964: The genera of flowering plants. Dicotyledones 1. — Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kopp, L. E., 1966: A taxonomic revision of the genusPersea in the Western Hemisphere. — Mem. New York Bot. Gard.14: 1–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kostermans, A. G. J. H., 1957:Lauraceae. — Reinwardtia4: 193–256.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1973: A synopsis ofAlseodaphne Nees (Lauraceae). — Candollea28: 93–136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kubitzki, K., 1981: The tubular exine ofLauraceae andHernandiaceae, a novel type of exine structure in seed plants. — Pl. Syst. Evol.138: 139–146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nixon, K. C., Crepet, W. L., 1993: Late Cretaceous fossil flowers of ericalean affinity. — Amer. J. Bot.80: 616–623.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raj, B., Werff, H. van der, 1988: A contribution to the pollen morphology of neotropicalLauraceae. — Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.75: 130–167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richter, H. G., 1981: Anatomie des sekundären Xylems und der Rinde derLauraceae. — Sonderb. Naturwiss. Vereins Hamburg5: 1–148.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rohwer, J. G., Richter, H. G., Werff, H. van der, 1991: Two new genera of neotropicalLauraceae and critical remarks on the generic delimitation. — Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.78: 388–400.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone, D. E., 1987: Developmental evidence for the convergence ofSassafras (Laurales) andHeliconia (Zingiberales) pollen. — Grana26: 179–191.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, D. W., 1988: Eocene floral evidence ofLauraceae: corroboration of the North American megafossil record. — Amer. J. Bot.75: 948–957.

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Merwe, J. J. M., van Wyk, A. E., Kok, P. D. F., 1990: Pollen types in theLauraceae. — Grana29: 185–196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Werff, H. van der, 1989: A new species ofPersea (Lauraceae) from Surinam, with a discussion of its position within the genus. — Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.76: 939–941.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1991: A key to the genera ofLauraceae in the New World. — Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.78: 377–387.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wheeler, E. F., 1991: Paleocene dicotyledonous trees from Big Bend National Park, Texas: variability in wood types common in the Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary, and ecological inferences. — Amer. J. Bot.78: 658–671.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1987: Dicotyledonous woods from the Upper Cretaceous of southern Illinois. — Bot. J. Linn. Soc.95: 77–100.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Herendeen, P.S., Crepet, W.L. & Nixon, K.C. Fossil flowers and pollen ofLauraceae from the Upper Cretaceous of New Jersey. Pl Syst Evol 189, 29–40 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00937576

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00937576

Key words

Navigation