Abstract
The identity of Dark Matter (DM) is one of the most active topics in particle physics today. Supersymmetry (SUSY) is an extension of the standard model (SM) that could describe the particle nature of DM in the form of the lightest neutralino in R-parity conserving models. We focus on SUSY models that solve the hierarchy problem with small fine tuning, and where the lightest SUSY particles \( \left({\tilde{\upchi}}_1^0,{\tilde{\upchi}}_1^{\pm },{\tilde{\upchi}}_2^0\right) \) are a triplet of higgsino-like states, such that the mass difference \( \Delta m\left({\tilde{\upchi}}_2^0,{\tilde{\upchi}}_1^0\right) \) is 0.5–50 GeV. We perform a feasibility study to assess the long-term discovery potential for these compressed SUSY models with higgsino-like states, using vector boson fusion (VBF) processes in the context of proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Assuming an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb−1, we find that stringent VBF requirements, combined with large missing momentum and one or two low-pT leptons, is effective at reducing the major SM backgrounds, leading to a 5σ (3σ) discovery reach for \( m\left({\tilde{\upchi}}_2^0\right) \) < 180 (260) GeV, and a projected 95% confidence level exclusion region that covers \( m\left({\tilde{\upchi}}_2^0\right) \) up to 385 GeV, parameter space that is currently unconstrained by other experiments.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
WMAP collaboration, Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Parameter Results, Astrophys. J. Suppl. 208 (2013) 19 [arXiv:1212.5226] [INSPIRE].
Planck collaboration, Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters, Astron. Astrophys. 641 (2020) A6 [Erratum ibid. 652 (2021) C4] [arXiv:1807.06209] [INSPIRE].
G. Bertone, D. Hooper and J. Silk, Particle dark matter: Evidence, candidates and constraints, Phys. Rept. 405 (2005) 279 [hep-ph/0404175] [INSPIRE].
P. Ramond, Dual Theory for Free Fermions, Phys. Rev. D 3 (1971) 2415 [INSPIRE].
S. Ferrara and B. Zumino, Supergauge Invariant Yang-Mills Theories, Nucl. Phys. B 79 (1974) 413 [INSPIRE].
J. Wess and B. Zumino, Supergauge Transformations in Four-Dimensions, Nucl. Phys. B 70 (1974) 39 [INSPIRE].
A.H. Chamseddine, R.L. Arnowitt and P. Nath, Locally Supersymmetric Grand Unification, Phys. Rev. Lett. 49 (1982) 970 [INSPIRE].
R. Barbieri, S. Ferrara and C.A. Savoy, Gauge Models with Spontaneously Broken Local Supersymmetry, Phys. Lett. B 119 (1982) 343 [INSPIRE].
S.P. Martin, A Supersymmetry primer, Adv. Ser. Direct. High Energy Phys. 18 (1998) 1 [hep-ph/9709356] [INSPIRE].
H. Goldberg, Constraint on the Photino Mass from Cosmology, Phys. Rev. Lett. 50 (1983) 1419 [Erratum ibid. 103 (2009) 099905] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, 2008 JINST 3 S08003 [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, The CMS Experiment at the CERN LHC, 2008 JINST 3 S08004 [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for new physics in the multijet and missing transverse momentum final state in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 8 TeV, JHEP 06 (2014) 055 [arXiv:1402.4770] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for supersymmetry in multijet events with missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV, Phys. Rev. D 96 (2017) 032003 [arXiv:1704.07781] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for supersymmetry in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum, JHEP 10 (2019) 244 [arXiv:1908.04722] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Searches for physics beyond the standard model with the MT2 variable in hadronic final states with and without disappearing tracks in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 80 (2020) 3 [arXiv:1909.03460] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for direct top squark pair production in events with one lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum at 13 TeV with the CMS experiment, JHEP 05 (2020) 032 [arXiv:1912.08887] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for new phenomena using the invariant mass distribution of same-flavour opposite-sign dilepton pairs in events with missing transverse momentum in \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector, Eur. Phys. J. C 78 (2018) 625 [arXiv:1805.11381] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for heavy charged long-lived particles in the ATLAS detector in 36.1 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, Phys. Rev. D 99 (2019) 092007 [arXiv:1902.01636] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for new phenomena in final states with large jet multiplicities and missing transverse momentum using \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV proton-proton collisions recorded by ATLAS in Run 2 of the LHC, JHEP 10 (2020) 062 [arXiv:2008.06032] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for a scalar partner of the top quark in the all-hadronic \( t\overline{t} \) plus missing transverse momentum final state at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector, Eur. Phys. J. C 80 (2020) 737 [arXiv:2004.14060] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Combined search for electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, JHEP 03 (2018) 160 [arXiv:1801.03957] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for electroweak production of supersymmetric particles in final states with two or three leptons at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector, Eur. Phys. J. C 78 (2018) 995 [arXiv:1803.02762] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for chargino-neutralino production using recursive jigsaw reconstruction in final states with two or three charged leptons in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Rev. D 98 (2018) 092012 [arXiv:1806.02293] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for new physics in events with two soft oppositely charged leptons and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, Phys. Lett. B 782 (2018) 440 [arXiv:1801.01846] [INSPIRE].
M. Carena, S. Gori, N.R. Shah, C.E.M. Wagner and L.-T. Wang, Light Stau Phenomenology and the Higgs γγ Rate, JHEP 07 (2012) 175 [arXiv:1205.5842] [INSPIRE].
R.L. Arnowitt, B. Dutta, A. Gurrola, T. Kamon, A. Krislock and D. Toback, Determining the Dark Matter Relic Density in the Minimal Supergravity Stau-Neutralino Coannihilation Region at the Large Hadron Collider, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (2008) 231802 [arXiv:0802.2968] [INSPIRE].
P. Schwaller and J. Zurita, Compressed electroweakino spectra at the LHC, JHEP 03 (2014) 060 [arXiv:1312.7350] [INSPIRE].
R. Mahbubani, P. Schwaller and J. Zurita, Closing the window for compressed Dark Sectors with disappearing charged tracks, JHEP 06 (2017) 119 [Erratum ibid. 10 (2017) 061] [arXiv:1703.05327] [INSPIRE].
C. Avila, A. Flórez, A. Gurrola, D. Julson and S. Starko, Connecting particle physics and cosmology: Measuring the dark matter relic density in compressed supersymmetry models at the LHC, Phys. Dark Univ. 27 (2020) 100430 [arXiv:1801.03966] [INSPIRE].
B. Dutta, A. Gurrola, W. Johns, T. Kamon, P. Sheldon and K. Sinha, Vector Boson Fusion Processes as a Probe of Supersymmetric Electroweak Sectors at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 035029 [arXiv:1210.0964] [INSPIRE].
A.G. Delannoy et al., Probing Dark Matter at the LHC using Vector Boson Fusion Processes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (2013) 061801 [arXiv:1304.7779] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for Dark Matter and Supersymmetry with a Compressed Mass Spectrum in the Vector Boson Fusion Topology in Proton-Proton Collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 8 TeV, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 (2017) 021802 [arXiv:1605.09305] [INSPIRE].
B. Dutta, T. Ghosh, A. Gurrola, W. Johns, T. Kamon, P. Sheldon et al., Probing Compressed Sleptons at the LHC using Vector Boson Fusion Processes, Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 055025 [arXiv:1411.6043] [INSPIRE].
B. Dutta, W. Flanagan, A. Gurrola, W. Johns, T. Kamon, P. Sheldon et al., Probing compressed top squark scenarios at the LHC at 14 TeV, Phys. Rev. D 90 (2014) 095022 [arXiv:1312.1348] [INSPIRE].
B. Dutta, A. Gurrola, K. Hatakeyama, W. Johns, T. Kamon, P. Sheldon et al., Probing Compressed Bottom Squarks with Boosted Jets and Shape Analysis, Phys. Rev. D 92 (2015) 095009 [arXiv:1507.01001] [INSPIRE].
A. Flórez, A. Gurrola, W. Johns, J. Maruri, P. Sheldon, K. Sinha et al., Anapole Dark Matter via Vector Boson Fusion Processes at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 100 (2019) 016017 [arXiv:1902.01488] [INSPIRE].
A. Flórez, A. Gurrola, W. Johns, Y.D. Oh, P. Sheldon, D. Teague et al., Searching for New Heavy Neutral Gauge Bosons using Vector Boson Fusion Processes at the LHC, Phys. Lett. B 767 (2017) 126 [arXiv:1609.09765] [INSPIRE].
A. Flórez, K. Gui, A. Gurrola, C. Patiño and D. Restrepo, Expanding the Reach of Heavy Neutrino Searches at the LHC, Phys. Lett. B 778 (2018) 94 [arXiv:1708.03007] [INSPIRE].
A. Flórez, Y. Guo, A. Gurrola, W. Johns, O. Ray, P. Sheldon et al., Probing heavy spin-2 bosons with γγ final states from vector boson fusion processes at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 99 (2019) 035034 [arXiv:1812.06824] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for supersymmetry in the vector-boson fusion topology in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 8 TeV, JHEP 11 (2015) 189 [arXiv:1508.07628] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for supersymmetry with a compressed mass spectrum in the vector boson fusion topology with 1-lepton and 0-lepton final states in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, JHEP 08 (2019) 150 [arXiv:1905.13059] [INSPIRE].
A. Flórez, A. Gurrola, W. Johns, P. Sheldon, E. Sheridan, K. Sinha et al., Probing axionlike particles with γγ final states from vector boson fusion processes at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 103 (2021) 095001 [arXiv:2101.11119] [INSPIRE].
A. Flórez, L. Bravo, A. Gurrola, C. Ávila, M. Segura, P. Sheldon et al., Probing the stau-neutralino coannihilation region at the LHC with a soft tau lepton and a jet from initial state radiation, Phys. Rev. D 94 (2016) 073007 [arXiv:1606.08878] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for Supersymmetry with a Compressed Mass Spectrum in Events with a Soft τ Lepton, a Highly Energetic Jet, and Large Missing Transverse Momentum in Proton-Proton Collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124 (2020) 041803 [arXiv:1910.01185] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for new physics in final states with an energetic jet or a hadronically decaying W or Z boson and transverse momentum imbalance at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, Phys. Rev. D 97 (2018) 092005 [arXiv:1712.02345] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for dark matter, extra dimensions, and unparticles in monojet events in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 8 TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 75 (2015) 235 [arXiv:1408.3583] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for dark matter and other new phenomena in events with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum using the ATLAS detector, JHEP 01 (2018) 126 [arXiv:1711.03301] [INSPIRE].
J.L. Feng, Naturalness and the Status of Supersymmetry, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 63 (2013) 351 [arXiv:1302.6587] [INSPIRE].
H. Baer, V. Barger, S. Salam, D. Sengupta and X. Tata, The LHC higgsino discovery plane for present and future SUSY searches, Phys. Lett. B 810 (2020) 135777 [arXiv:2007.09252] [INSPIRE].
R. Barbieri and D. Pappadopulo, S-particles at their naturalness limits, JHEP 10 (2009) 061 [arXiv:0906.4546] [INSPIRE].
H. Baer, V. Barger and P. Huang, Hidden SUSY at the LHC: the light higgsino-world scenario and the role of a lepton collider, JHEP 11 (2011) 031 [arXiv:1107.5581] [INSPIRE].
M. Papucci, J.T. Ruderman and A. Weiler, Natural SUSY Endures, JHEP 09 (2012) 035 [arXiv:1110.6926] [INSPIRE].
H. Baer, V. Barger, P. Huang, A. Mustafayev and X. Tata, Radiative natural SUSY with a 125 GeV Higgs boson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (2012) 161802 [arXiv:1207.3343] [INSPIRE].
H. Baer, V. Barger, D. Sengupta and X. Tata, Is natural higgsino-only dark matter excluded?, Eur. Phys. J. C 78 (2018) 838 [arXiv:1803.11210] [INSPIRE].
PandaX-II collaboration, Results of dark matter search using the full PandaX-II exposure, Chin. Phys. C 44 (2020) 125001 [arXiv:2007.15469] [INSPIRE].
LUX collaboration, Results from a search for dark matter in the complete LUX exposure, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 (2017) 021303 [arXiv:1608.07648] [INSPIRE].
XENON collaboration, Search for Light Dark Matter Interactions Enhanced by the Migdal Effect or Bremsstrahlung in XENON1T, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123 (2019) 241803 [arXiv:1907.12771] [INSPIRE].
ALEPH collaboration, Search for scalar leptons in e+ e− collisions at center-of-mass energies up to 209 GeV, Phys. Lett. B 526 (2002) 206 [hep-ex/0112011] [INSPIRE].
DELPHI collaboration, Searches for supersymmetric particles in e+ e− collisions up to 208 GeV and interpretation of the results within the MSSM, Eur. Phys. J. C 31 (2003) 421 [hep-ex/0311019] [INSPIRE].
L3 collaboration, Search for scalar leptons and scalar quarks at LEP, Phys. Lett. B 580 (2004) 37 [hep-ex/0310007] [INSPIRE].
OPAL collaboration, Search for anomalous production of dilepton events with missing transverse momentum in e+ e− collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 183 Gev to 209 GeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 32 (2004) 453 [hep-ex/0309014] [INSPIRE].
J. Alwall, R. Frederix, S. Frixione, V. Hirschi, F. Maltoni, O. Mattelaer et al., The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections, and their matching to parton shower simulations, JHEP 07 (2014) 079 [arXiv:1405.0301] [INSPIRE].
NNPDF collaboration, Parton distributions for the LHC Run II, JHEP 04 (2015) 040 [arXiv:1410.8849] [INSPIRE].
T. Sjöstrand, S. Ask, J.R. Christiansen, R. Corke, N. Desai, P. Ilten et al., An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2, Comput. Phys. Commun. 191 (2015) 159 [arXiv:1410.3012] [INSPIRE].
DELPHES 3 collaboration, DELPHES 3, A modular framework for fast simulation of a generic collider experiment, JHEP 02 (2014) 057 [arXiv:1307.6346] [INSPIRE].
J. Alwall et al., Comparative study of various algorithms for the merging of parton showers and matrix elements in hadronic collisions, Eur. Phys. J. C 53 (2008) 473 [arXiv:0706.2569] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Searches for electroweak production of supersymmetric particles with compressed mass spectra in \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Rev. D 101 (2020) 052005 [arXiv:1911.12606] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Performance of reconstruction and identification of τ leptons decaying to hadrons and ντ in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, 2018 JINST 13 P10005 [arXiv:1809.02816] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for heavy neutrinos and third-generation leptoquarks in hadronic states of two τ leptons and two jets in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, JHEP 03 (2019) 170 [arXiv:1811.00806] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for heavy resonances decaying to tau lepton pairs in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, JHEP 02 (2017) 048 [arXiv:1611.06594] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for heavy neutrinos or third-generation leptoquarks in final states with two hadronically decaying τ leptons and two jets in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, JHEP 03 (2017) 077 [arXiv:1612.01190] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Study of the Discovery Reach in Searches for Supersymmetry at CMS with 3000/fb, CMS-PAS-FTR-13-014, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland (2013).
L. Moneta, K. Belasco, K.S. Cranmer, S. Kreiss, A. Lazzaro, D. Piparo et al., The RooStats Project, PoS ACAT2010 (2010) 057 [arXiv:1009.1003] [INSPIRE].
J. Butterworth et al., PDF4LHC recommendations for LHC Run II, J. Phys. G 43 (2016) 023001 [arXiv:1510.03865] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, ATLAS sensitivity to winos and higgsinos with a highly compressed mass spectrum at the HL-LHC, ATL-PHYS-PUB-2018-031, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland (2018).
H. Baer, V. Barger, D. Sengupta and X. Tata, New angular and other cuts to improve the Higgsino signal at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 105 (2022) 095017 [arXiv:2109.14030] [INSPIRE].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
ArXiv ePrint: 2102.10194
Rights and permissions
Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Cardona, N., Flórez, A., Gurrola, A. et al. Long-term LHC discovery reach for compressed Supersymmetry models using VBF processes. J. High Energ. Phys. 2022, 26 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2022)026
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2022)026