Skip to main content
Log in

Investigations into the flavor dependence of partonic transverse momentum

  • Published:
Journal of High Energy Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Recent experimental data on semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering from the Hermes collaboration allow us to discuss for the first time the flavor dependence of unpolarized transverse-momentum dependent distribution and fragmentation functions. We find convincing indications that favored fragmentation functions into pions have smaller average transverse momentum than unfavored functions and fragmentation functions into kaons. We find weaker indications of flavor dependence in the distribution functions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. V. Barone, F. Bradamante and A. Martin, Transverse spin and transverse momentum effects in high-energy processes, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 65 (2010) 267 [arXiv:1011.0909] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. D. Boer et al., Gluons and the quark sea at high energies: Distributions, polarization, tomography, arXiv:1108.1713 [INSPIRE].

  3. C.A. Aidala, S.D. Bass, D. Hasch and G.K. Mallot, The Spin Structure of the Nucleon, Rev. Mod. Phys. 85 (2013) 655 [arXiv:1209.2803] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. S. Forte and G. Watt, Progress in the determination of the partonic structure of the proton, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 63 (2013) 291 [arXiv:1301.6754] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. J. Gao et al., The CT10 NNLO Global Analysis of QCD, arXiv:1302.6246 [INSPIRE].

  6. J. Owens, A. Accardi and W. Melnitchouk, Global parton distributions with nuclear and finite-Q 2 corrections, Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 094012 [arXiv:1212.1702] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. R.D. Ball et al., Parton distributions with LHC data, Nucl. Phys. B 867 (2013) 244 [arXiv:1207.1303] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. A. Martin, W. Stirling, R. Thorne and G. Watt, Parton distributions for the LHC, Eur. Phys. J. C 63 (2009) 189 [arXiv:0901.0002] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. P. Jimenez-Delgado and E. Reya, Dynamical NNLO parton distributions, Phys. Rev. D 79 (2009) 074023 [arXiv:0810.4274] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. A. Bacchetta, F. Conti and M. Radici, Transverse-momentum distributions in a diquark spectator model, Phys. Rev. D 78 (2008) 074010 [arXiv:0807.0323] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. A. Bacchetta, M. Radici, F. Conti and M. Guagnelli, Weighted azimuthal asymmetries in a diquark spectator model, Eur. Phys. J. A 45 (2010) 373 [arXiv:1003.1328] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. M. Wakamatsu, Transverse momentum distributions of quarks in the nucleon from the Chiral Quark Soliton Model, Phys. Rev. D 79 (2009) 094028 [arXiv:0903.1886] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. A. Efremov, P. Schweitzer, O. Teryaev and P. Zavada, The relation between TMDs and PDFs in the covariant parton model approach, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) 054025 [arXiv:1012.5296] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. C. Bourrely, F. Buccella and J. Soffer, Semi-inclusive DIS cross sections and spin asymmetries in the quantum statistical parton distributions approach, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) 074008 [arXiv:1008.5322] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. H.H. Matevosyan, W. Bentz, I.C. Cloet and A.W. Thomas, Transverse-Momentum-Dependent Fragmentation and Quark Distribution Functions from the NJL-jet Model, Phys. Rev. D 85 (2012) 014021 [arXiv:1111.1740] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. P. Schweitzer, M. Strikman and C. Weiss, Intrinsic transverse momentum and parton correlations from dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, JHEP 01 (2013) 163 [arXiv:1210.1267] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. B. Pasquini, S. Cazzaniga and S. Boffi, Transverse-momentum-dependent parton distributions in a light-cone quark model, Phys. Rev. D 78 (2008) 034025 [arXiv:0806.2298] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. C. Lorce, B. Pasquini and M. Vanderhaeghen, Unified framework for generalized and transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions within a 3Q light-cone picture of the nucleon, JHEP 05 (2011) 041 [arXiv:1102.4704] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. H. Avakian, A. Efremov, P. Schweitzer and F. Yuan, The transverse-momentum-dependent distribution functions in the bag model, Phys. Rev. D 81 (2010) 074035 [arXiv:1001.5467] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. B.U. Musch, P. Hägler, J.W. Negele and A. Schäfer, Exploring quark transverse momentum distributions with lattice QCD, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) 094507 [arXiv:1011.1213] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. HERMES collaboration, A. Airapetian et al., Multiplicities of charged pions and kaons from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering by the proton and the deuteron, Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 074029 [arXiv:1212.5407] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. European Muon collaboration, M. Arneodo et al., Transverse momentum and its compensation in current and target jets in deep inelastic muon-proton scattering, Phys. Lett. B 149 (1984) 415 [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. H1 collaboration, C. Adloff et al., Measurement of charged particle transverse momentum spectra in deep inelastic scattering, Nucl. Phys. B 485 (1997) 3 [hep-ex/9610006] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. H. Mkrtchyan et al., Transverse momentum dependence of semi-inclusive pion production, Phys. Lett. B 665 (2008) 20 [arXiv:0709.3020] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. CLAS collaboration, M. Osipenko et al., Measurement of unpolarized semi-inclusive π + electroproduction off the proton, Phys. Rev. D 80 (2009) 032004 [arXiv:0809.1153] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. R. Asaturyan et al., Semi-Inclusive Charged-Pion Electroproduction off Protons and Deuterons: Cross Sections, Ratios and Access to the Quark-Parton Model at Low Energies, Phys. Rev. C 85 (2012) 015202 [arXiv:1103.1649] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. COMPASS collaboration, C. Adolph et al., Hadron Transverse Momentum Distributions in Muon Deep Inelastic Scattering at 160 GeV/c, Eur. Phys. J. C 73 (2013) 2531 [arXiv:1305.7317] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. A. Bacchetta, L.P. Gamberg, G.R. Goldstein and A. Mukherjee, Collins fragmentation function for pions and kaons in a spectator model, Phys. Lett. B 659 (2008) 234 [arXiv:0707.3372] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. A. Bacchetta et al., Semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering at small transverse momentum, JHEP 02 (2007) 093 [hep-ph/0611265] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. A. Bacchetta, D. Boer, M. Diehl and P.J. Mulders, Matches and mismatches in the descriptions of semi-inclusive processes at low and high transverse momentum, JHEP 08 (2008) 023 [arXiv:0803.0227] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. J.C. Collins and D.E. Soper, Back-to-back jets in QCD, Nucl. Phys. B 193 (1981) 381 [Erratum ibid. B 213 (1983) 545] [INSPIRE].

  32. J.C. Collins, D.E. Soper and G.F. Sterman, Transverse Momentum Distribution in Drell-Yan Pair and W and Z Boson Production, Nucl. Phys. B 250 (1985) 199 [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. X.-d. Ji and F. Yuan, Parton distributions in light cone gauge: Where are the final state interactions?, Phys. Lett. B 543 (2002) 66 [hep-ph/0206057] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. X.-d. Ji, J.-p. Ma and F. Yuan, QCD factorization for semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering at low transverse momentum, Phys. Rev. D 71 (2005) 034005 [hep-ph/0404183] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. J. Collins, Foundations of Perturbative QCD, Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics, Nuclear Physics and Cosmology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge U.K. (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  36. S.M. Aybat and T.C. Rogers, TMD parton distribution and fragmentation functions with QCD evolution, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) 114042 [arXiv:1101.5057] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. M.G. Echevarria, A. Idilbi and I. Scimemi, Factorization theorem for Drell-Yan at low q T and transverse momentum distributions on-the-light-cone, JHEP 07 (2012) 002 [arXiv:1111.4996] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. M.G. Echevarria, A. Idilbi, A. Schafer and I. Scimemi, Model-independent evolution of transverse momentum dependent distribution functions (TMDs) at NNLL, arXiv:1208.1281 [INSPIRE].

  39. J.C. Collins and T.C. Rogers, Equality of two definitions for transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions, Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013), no. 3 034018 [arXiv:1210.2100] [INSPIRE].

  40. P. Mulders and R. Tangerman, The complete tree level result up to order 1/Q for polarized deep inelastic leptoproduction, Nucl. Phys. B 461 (1996) 197 [Erratum ibid. B 484 (1997) 538] [hep-ph/9510301] [INSPIRE].

  41. U. D’Alesio and F. Murgia, Parton intrinsic motion in inclusive particle production: unpolarized cross sections, single spin asymmetries and the Sivers effect, Phys. Rev. D 70 (2004) 074009 [hep-ph/0408092] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. J.-F. Rajotte, Hadron muoproduction at the COMPASS experiment, Ph.D. Thesis, München University, München Germany (2010).

  43. R. Jakob, P. Mulders and J. Rodrigues, Modeling quark distribution and fragmentation functions, Nucl. Phys. A 626 (1997) 937 [hep-ph/9704335] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. S.J. Brodsky, D.S. Hwang, B.-Q. Ma and I. Schmidt, Light cone representation of the spin and orbital angular momentum of relativistic composite systems, Nucl. Phys. B 593 (2001) 311 [hep-th/0003082] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. D. Hwang and D. Müller, Implication of the overlap representation for modelling generalized parton distributions, Phys. Lett. B 660 (2008) 350 [arXiv:0710.1567] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. T. Gutsche, V.E. Lyubovitskij, I. Schmidt and A. Vega, Light-front quark model consistent with Drell-Yan-West duality and quark counting rules, arXiv:1306.0366 [INSPIRE].

  47. M. Hirai, S. Kumano, T.-H. Nagai and K. Sudoh, Determination of fragmentation functions and their uncertainties, Phys. Rev. D 75 (2007) 094009 [hep-ph/0702250] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. D. de Florian, R. Sassot and M. Stratmann, Global analysis of fragmentation functions for pions and kaons and their uncertainties, Phys. Rev. D 75 (2007) 114010 [hep-ph/0703242] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. M. Boglione and P. Mulders, Time-reversal odd fragmentation and distribution functions in pp and ep single spin asymmetries, Phys. Rev. D 60 (1999) 054007 [hep-ph/9903354] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. P. Schweitzer and A. Bacchetta, Azimuthal single spin asymmetries in SIDIS in the light of chiral symmetry breaking, Nucl. Phys. A 732 (2004) 106 [hep-ph/0310318] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. A. Bacchetta, R. Kundu, A. Metz and P. Mulders, Estimate of the Collins fragmentation function in a chiral invariant approach, Phys. Rev. D 65 (2002) 094021 [hep-ph/0201091] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. M. Epele, R. Llubaroff, R. Sassot and M. Stratmann, Uncertainties in pion and kaon fragmentation functions, Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 074028 [arXiv:1209.3240] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  53. A. Bacchetta, A. Courtoy and M. Radici, First extraction of valence transversities in a collinear framework, JHEP 03 (2013) 119 [arXiv:1212.3568] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. S. Forte, L. Garrido, J.I. Latorre and A. Piccione, Neural network parametrization of deep inelastic structure functions, JHEP 05 (2002) 062 [hep-ph/0204232] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. NNPDF collaboration, R.D. Ball et al., A Determination of parton distributions with faithful uncertainty estimation, Nucl. Phys. B 809 (2009) 1 [Erratum ibid. B 816 (2009) 293] [arXiv:0808.1231] [INSPIRE].

  56. R.D. Ball et al., A first unbiased global NLO determination of parton distributions and their uncertainties, Nucl. Phys. B 838 (2010) 136 [arXiv:1002.4407] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  57. A. Accardi et al., Electron Ion Collider: the next QCD frontierunderstanding the glue that binds us all, arXiv:1212.1701 [INSPIRE].

  58. P. Schweitzer, T. Teckentrup and A. Metz, Intrinsic transverse parton momenta in deeply inelastic reactions, Phys. Rev. D 81 (2010) 094019 [arXiv:1003.2190] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  59. P.M. Nadolsky, D. Stump and C. Yuan, Phenomenology of multiple parton radiation in semiinclusive deep inelastic scattering, Phys. Rev. D 64 (2001) 114011 [hep-ph/0012261] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  60. F. Landry, R. Brock, P.M. Nadolsky and C. Yuan, Tevatron Run-1 Z boson data and Collins-Soper-Sterman resummation formalism, Phys. Rev. D 67 (2003) 073016 [hep-ph/0212159] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  61. A.V. Konychev and P.M. Nadolsky, Universality of the Collins-Soper-Sterman nonperturbative function in gauge boson production, Phys. Lett. B 633 (2006) 710 [hep-ph/0506225] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  62. G. Bozzi, S. Catani, G. Ferrera, D. de Florian and M. Grazzini, Production of Drell-Yan lepton pairs in hadron collisions: transverse-momentum resummation at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy, Phys. Lett. B 696 (2011) 207 [arXiv:1007.2351] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  63. M. Anselmino et al., The role of Cahn and sivers effects in deep inelastic scattering, Phys. Rev. D 71 (2005) 074006 [hep-ph/0501196] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  64. R.N. Cahn, Azimuthal dependence in leptoproduction: a simple parton model calculation, Phys. Lett. B 78 (1978) 269 [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  65. P. Sun and F. Yuan, TMD Evolution: matching SIDIS to Drell-Yan and W/Z boson production, arXiv:1308.5003 [INSPIRE].

  66. M. Anselmino, M. Boglione and S. Melis, A strategy towards the extraction of the Sivers function with TMD evolution, Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 014028 [arXiv:1204.1239] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  67. A. Bacchetta and M. Radici, Constraining quark angular momentum through semi-inclusive measurements, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 (2011) 212001 [arXiv:1107.5755] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  68. M. Anselmino et al., Sivers effect for pion and kaon production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, Eur. Phys. J. A 39 (2009) 89 [arXiv:0805.2677] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  69. S. Arnold, A. Efremov, K. Goeke, M. Schlegel and P. Schweitzer, Sivers effect at HERMES, COMPASS and CLAS12, arXiv:0805.2137 [INSPIRE].

  70. V. Barone, S. Melis and A. Prokudin, The Boer-Mulders effect in unpolarized SIDIS: an analysis of the COMPASS and HERMES data on the cos 2 phi asymmetry, Phys. Rev. D 81 (2010) 114026 [arXiv:0912.5194] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  71. Z. Lu and I. Schmidt, Updating Boer-Mulders functions from unpolarized pD and pp Drell-Yan data, Phys. Rev. D 81 (2010) 034023 [arXiv:0912.2031] [INSPIRE].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  72. M. Anselmino et al., Update on transversity and Collins functions from SIDIS and e + e data, Nucl. Phys. Proc. Suppl. 191 (2009) 98 [arXiv:0812.4366] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Andrea Signori.

Additional information

ArXiv ePrint: 1309.3507

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Signori, A., Bacchetta, A., Radici, M. et al. Investigations into the flavor dependence of partonic transverse momentum. J. High Energ. Phys. 2013, 194 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2013)194

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2013)194

Keywords

Navigation