Abstract
We develop a class of left-right symmetric theories based on the gauge group SU(3)c × SU(2)L × SU(2)R × U(1) with a generalized seesaw mechanism for generating the charged fermion masses. Neutrinos are naturally Dirac particles in this setup with their small masses arising from two-loop quantum corrections. We evaluate these two-loop diagrams exactly and analyze the flavor structure of the lepton sector. We find excellent fits to neutrino oscillation data, independent of the right-handed gauge symmetry breaking scale. We also explore the possibility that neutrinos are pseudo-Dirac particles in this framework, with the tiny mass splittings between active and sterile neutrinos arising from Planck-induced corrections and find possible realizations. These models can be tested in the near future with precision cosmological measurements of ∆Neff in CMB which is predicted to be ≃ 0.14. This class of models allows for a solution to the strong CP problem via parity symmetry without the need for an axion.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
P. Minkowski, μ → eγ at a Rate of One Out of 109 Muon Decays?, Phys. Lett. B 67 (1977) 421 [INSPIRE].
M. Gell-Mann, P. Ramond and R. Slansky, Complex Spinors and Unified Theories, Conf. Proc. C 790927 (1979) 315 [arXiv:1306.4669] [INSPIRE].
R.N. Mohapatra and G. Senjanović, Neutrino Mass and Spontaneous Parity Nonconservation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 44 (1980) 912 [INSPIRE].
T. Yanagida, Horizontal Symmetry and Masses of Neutrinos, Prog. Theor. Phys. 64 (1980) 1103 [INSPIRE].
S.L. Glashow, The Future of Elementary Particle Physics, NATO Sci. Ser. B 61 (1980) 687 [INSPIRE].
M.J. Dolinski, A.W.P. Poon and W. Rodejohann, Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay: Status and Prospects, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 69 (2019) 219 [arXiv:1902.04097] [INSPIRE].
K.S. Babu and X.G. He, Dirac neutrino masses as two loop radiative corrections, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 4 (1989) 61 [INSPIRE].
J.C. Pati and A. Salam, Lepton Number as the Fourth Color, Phys. Rev. D 10 (1974) 275 [Erratum ibid. 11 (1975) 703] [INSPIRE].
R.N. Mohapatra and J.C. Pati, A Natural Left-Right Symmetry, Phys. Rev. D 11 (1975) 2558 [INSPIRE].
R.N. Mohapatra and J.C. Pati, Left-Right Gauge Symmetry and an Isoconjugate Model of CP-violation, Phys. Rev. D 11 (1975) 566 [INSPIRE].
G. Senjanović and R.N. Mohapatra, Exact Left-Right Symmetry and Spontaneous Violation of Parity, Phys. Rev. D 12 (1975) 1502 [INSPIRE].
A. Davidson and K.C. Wali, Universal Seesaw Mechanism?, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59 (1987) 393 [INSPIRE].
D. Borah and A. Dasgupta, Naturally Light Dirac Neutrino in Left-Right Symmetric Model, JCAP 06 (2017) 003 [arXiv:1702.02877] [INSPIRE].
A. Davidson and K.C. Wali, Family Mass Hierarchy From Universal Seesaw Mechanism, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60 (1988) 1813 [INSPIRE].
K.S. Babu and R.N. Mohapatra, A Solution to the Strong CP Problem Without an Axion, Phys. Rev. D 41 (1990) 1286 [INSPIRE].
K.S. Babu, B. Dutta and R.N. Mohapatra, A theory of R(D*, D) anomaly with right-handed currents, JHEP 01 (2019) 168 [arXiv:1811.04496] [INSPIRE].
L.J. Hall and K. Harigaya, Implications of Higgs Discovery for the Strong CP Problem and Unification, JHEP 10 (2018) 130 [arXiv:1803.08119] [INSPIRE].
N. Craig, I. Garcia Garcia, G. Koszegi and A. McCune, P not PQ, JHEP 09 (2021) 130 [arXiv:2012.13416] [INSPIRE].
R.N. Mohapatra, A Model for Dirac Neutrino Masses and Mixings, Phys. Lett. B 198 (1987) 69 [INSPIRE].
A. Davidson and K.C. Wali, SU(5)L ⨂ SU(5)R hybrid unification, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58 (1987) 2623 [INSPIRE].
C.-H. Lee and R.N. Mohapatra, Vector-Like Quarks and Leptons, SU(5) ⨂ SU(5) Grand Unification, and Proton Decay, JHEP 02 (2017) 080 [arXiv:1611.05478] [INSPIRE].
J. Schechter and J.W.F. Valle, Neutrinoless Double beta Decay in SU(2) × U(1) Theories, Phys. Rev. D 25 (1982) 2951 [INSPIRE].
SPT-3G collaboration, SPT-3G: A Next-Generation Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Experiment on the South Pole Telescope, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 9153 (2014) 91531P [arXiv:1407.2973] [INSPIRE].
Simons Observatory collaboration, The Simons Observatory: Astro2020 Decadal Project Whitepaper, Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 51 (2019) 147 [arXiv:1907.08284] [INSPIRE].
K.N. Abazajian et al., Neutrino Physics from the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure, Astropart. Phys. 63 (2015) 66 [arXiv:1309.5383] [INSPIRE].
K. Abazajian et al., CMB-S4 Science Case, Reference Design, and Project Plan, arXiv:1907.04473 [INSPIRE].
L. Wolfenstein, Different Varieties of Massive Dirac Neutrinos, Nucl. Phys. B 186 (1981) 147 [INSPIRE].
S.T. Petcov, On PseudoDirac Neutrinos, Neutrino Oscillations and Neutrinoless Double beta Decay, Phys. Lett. B 110 (1982) 245 [INSPIRE].
J.W.F. Valle and M. Singer, Lepton Number Violation With Quasi Dirac Neutrinos, Phys. Rev. D 28 (1983) 540 [INSPIRE].
M. Kobayashi and C.S. Lim, Pseudo Dirac scenario for neutrino oscillations, Phys. Rev. D 64 (2001) 013003 [hep-ph/0012266] [INSPIRE].
J.F. Beacom, N.F. Bell, D. Hooper, J.G. Learned, S. Pakvasa and T.J. Weiler, PseudoDirac neutrinos: A Challenge for neutrino telescopes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 (2004) 011101 [hep-ph/0307151] [INSPIRE].
P. Keranen, J. Maalampi, M. Myyrylainen and J. Riittinen, Effects of sterile neutrinos on the ultrahigh-energy cosmic neutrino flux, Phys. Lett. B 574 (2003) 162 [hep-ph/0307041] [INSPIRE].
I. Martinez-Soler, Y.F. Perez-Gonzalez and M. Sen, Signs of pseudo-Dirac neutrinos in SN1987A data, Phys. Rev. D 105 (2022) 095019 [arXiv:2105.12736] [INSPIRE].
T.D. Lee and C.-N. Yang, Question of Parity Conservation in Weak Interactions, Phys. Rev. 104 (1956) 254 [INSPIRE].
R. Foot, H. Lew and R.R. Volkas, Possible consequences of parity conservation, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 7 (1992) 2567 [INSPIRE].
Z.G. Berezhiani and R.N. Mohapatra, Reconciling present neutrino puzzles: Sterile neutrinos as mirror neutrinos, Phys. Rev. D 52 (1995) 6607 [hep-ph/9505385] [INSPIRE].
Z.K. Silagadze, Neutrino mass and the mirror universe, Phys. Atom. Nucl. 60 (1997) 272 [hep-ph/9503481] [INSPIRE].
Y. Farzan and E. Ma, Dirac neutrino mass generation from dark matter, Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 033007 [arXiv:1204.4890] [INSPIRE].
E. Ma and O. Popov, Pathways to Naturally Small Dirac Neutrino Masses, Phys. Lett. B 764 (2017) 142 [arXiv:1609.02538] [INSPIRE].
S. Saad, Simplest Radiative Dirac Neutrino Mass Models, Nucl. Phys. B 943 (2019) 114636 [arXiv:1902.07259] [INSPIRE].
S. Jana, P.K. Vishnu and S. Saad, Minimal realizations of Dirac neutrino mass from generic one-loop and two-loop topologies at d = 5, JCAP 04 (2020) 018 [arXiv:1910.09537] [INSPIRE].
P. Fileviez Pérez, C. Murgui and A.D. Plascencia, Neutrino-Dark Matter Connections in Gauge Theories, Phys. Rev. D 100 (2019) 035041 [arXiv:1905.06344] [INSPIRE].
J. van der Bij and M.J.G. Veltman, Two Loop Large Higgs Mass Correction to the rho Parameter, Nucl. Phys. B 231 (1984) 205 [INSPIRE].
D.J. Broadhurst, The Master Two Loop Diagram With Masses, Z. Phys. C 47 (1990) 115 [INSPIRE].
A. Ghinculov and J.J. van der Bij, Massive two loop diagrams: The Higgs propagator, Nucl. Phys. B 436 (1995) 30 [hep-ph/9405418] [INSPIRE].
N.I. Usyukina and A.I. Davydychev, Two loop three point diagrams with irreducible numerators, Phys. Lett. B 348 (1995) 503 [hep-ph/9412356] [INSPIRE].
K.L. McDonald and B.H.J. McKellar, Evaluating the two loop diagram responsible for neutrino mass in Babu’s model, hep-ph/0309270 [INSPIRE].
K.S. Babu and A. Thapa, Left-Right Symmetric Model without Higgs Triplets, arXiv:2012.13420 [INSPIRE].
G. ’t Hooft and M.J.G. Veltman, Regularization and Renormalization of Gauge Fields, Nucl. Phys. B 44 (1972) 189 [INSPIRE].
S. Coleman and R.E. Norton, Singularities in the physical region, Nuovo Cim. 38 (1965) 438 [INSPIRE].
I. Esteban, M.C. Gonzalez-Garcia, M. Maltoni, T. Schwetz and A. Zhou, The fate of hints: updated global analysis of three-flavor neutrino oscillations, JHEP 09 (2020) 178 [arXiv:2007.14792] [INSPIRE].
Planck collaboration, Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters, Astron. Astrophys. 641 (2020) A6 [Erratum ibid. 652 (2021) C4] [arXiv:1807.06209] [INSPIRE].
K.N. Abazajian and J. Heeck, Observing Dirac neutrinos in the cosmic microwave background, Phys. Rev. D 100 (2019) 075027 [arXiv:1908.03286] [INSPIRE].
P. Adshead, Y. Cui, A.J. Long and M. Shamma, Unraveling the Dirac neutrino with cosmological and terrestrial detectors, Phys. Lett. B 823 (2021) 136736 [arXiv:2009.07852] [INSPIRE].
M. Nemevšek, G. Senjanović and Y. Zhang, Warm Dark Matter in Low Scale Left-Right Theory, JCAP 07 (2012) 006 [arXiv:1205.0844] [INSPIRE].
D. Borah, A. Dasgupta, C. Majumdar and D. Nanda, Observing left-right symmetry in the cosmic microwave background, Phys. Rev. D 102 (2020) 035025 [arXiv:2005.02343] [INSPIRE].
KATRIN collaboration, Improved Upper Limit on the Neutrino Mass from a Direct Kinematic Method by KATRIN, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123 (2019) 221802 [arXiv:1909.06048] [INSPIRE].
K. Dick, M. Lindner, M. Ratz and D. Wright, Leptogenesis with Dirac neutrinos, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 4039 [hep-ph/9907562] [INSPIRE].
R. Barbieri and A. Dolgov, Bounds on Sterile-neutrinos from Nucleosynthesis, Phys. Lett. B 237 (1990) 440 [INSPIRE].
K. Enqvist, K. Kainulainen and J. Maalampi, Resonant neutrino transitions and nucleosynthesis, Phys. Lett. B 249 (1990) 531 [INSPIRE].
A. de Gouvêa, W.-C. Huang and J. Jenkins, Pseudo-Dirac Neutrinos in the New Standard Model, Phys. Rev. D 80 (2009) 073007 [arXiv:0906.1611] [INSPIRE].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
ArXiv ePrint: 2205.09127
Rights and permissions
Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Babu, K.S., He, XG., Su, M. et al. Naturally light Dirac and pseudo-Dirac neutrinos from left-right symmetry. J. High Energ. Phys. 2022, 140 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2022)140
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2022)140